Schwann cell (SC) cultures from experimental animals and human donors can be prepared using nearly any type of nerve at any stage of maturation to render stage- and patient-specific populations. Methods to isolate, purify, expand in number, and differentiate SCs from adult, postnatal and embryonic sources are efficient and reproducible as these have resulted from accumulated refinements introduced over many decades of work. Albeit some exceptions, SCs can be passaged extensively while maintaining their normal proliferation and differentiation controls. Due to their lineage commitment and strong resistance to tumorigenic transformation, SCs are safe for use in therapeutic approaches in the peripheral and central nervous systems. This review summarizes the evolution of work that led to the robust technologies used today in SC culturing along with the main features of the primary and expanded SCs that make them irreplaceable models to understand SC biology in health and disease. Traditional and emerging approaches in SC culture are discussed in light of their prospective applications. Lastly, some basic assumptions in vitro SC models are identified in an attempt to uncover the combined value of old and new trends in culture protocols and the cellular products that are derived.

中文翻译：

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雪旺细胞培养：生物学，技术和治疗学。

可以在成熟的任何阶段使用几乎任何类型的神经来制备来自实验动物和人类供体的雪旺细胞（SC）培养物，以呈现特定阶段和特定患者的种群。从成年，产后和胚胎来源中分离，纯化，扩增数量和区分SC的方法是有效且可重现的，因为这些是几十年来工作中不断积累的精炼成果的结果。尽管有一些例外，SC仍可在保持其正常增殖和分化控制的同时广泛传播。由于它们的血统承诺和对致瘤性转化的强大抵抗力，SC可安全地用于周围和中枢神经系统的治疗方法。这篇综述总结了导致SC培养今天使用的强大技术的工作进展，以及主要和扩展的SC的主要特征，这些主要特征使其成为了解健康和疾病中SC生物学的不可替代的模型。根据它们的潜在应用，讨论了SC文化中的传统方法和新兴方法。最后，确定了体外SC模型的一些基本假设，以试图揭示培养方案和衍生出的细胞产物的新旧趋势的结合价值。