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Evolution of Floral Morphology and Symmetry in the Miconieae (Melastomataceae): Multiple Generalization Trends within a Specialized Family
International Journal of Plant Sciences ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1086/708906
Maria Gavrutenko , Marcelo Reginato , Ricardo Kriebel , Antoine N. Nicolas , Fabián A. Michelangeli

Premise of research. Analyses of the evolution of floral morphology and symmetry broaden our understanding of the drivers of angiosperm diversification. Integrated within a flower, labile floral characters produce different phenotypes that promote variable interactions with pollinators. Thus, investigation of floral evolution may help with inferring potential historic transitions in pollinator modes and ecological pressures that generated present diversity. This study aims to explore the morphological evolution of flowers in Miconieae, a species-rich Neotropical tribe within the Melastomataceae. Despite a constrained floral plan, Melastomataceae manage to achieve a variety of floral phenotypes appealing to diverse pollinator types, with a majority of the species requiring specialized “buzz pollination” by bees. However, previous research of Miconieae documented several instances of convergent evolution of phenotypes associated with generalized pollination strategies. We explore the floral morphological evolution of Miconieae in a phylogenetic context to understand how diversification relates to different phenotypes and how common evolution of generalized pollination systems is within this tribe. Methodology. We constructed the largest species-level phylogeny of the Miconieae and combined it with morphological data on a variety of floral characteristics for more than 350 species scored from field photographs. Trait evolution was then analyzed using ancestral state reconstruction with stochastic character mapping. Trait correlation was estimated with Pagel’s statistical method for discrete characters and with regression analysis of phylogenetically independent contrasts of continuous characters. We analyzed diversification in the tribe with Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures and explored the effect of character state evolution on diversification with the binary state speciation and extinction approach. Pivotal results. Our analyses reveal rampant convergent and correlated evolution of multiple characters indicative of pollinator-mediated selective pressures. Conclusions. We confirm several parallel trends in the evolution of generalized floral phenotypes and find an association between generalization trends and increased diversification rates that may be related to colonization of highland environments.

中文翻译:

云杉科(Melastomataceae)中花卉形态和对称性的进化:一个特殊家族中的多重泛化趋势

研究的前提。对花卉形态和对称性进化的分析拓宽了我们对被子植物多样化驱动因素的理解。整合在一朵花中,不稳定的花卉特征产生不同的表型,促进与传粉媒介的可变相互作用。因此,对花卉进化的调查可能有助于推断授粉模式和生态压力的潜在历史转变,这些转变产生了目前的多样性。本研究旨在探索云杉科中花的形态演化,云杉科是一个物种丰富的新热带部落。尽管花卉计划受到限制,但 Melastomataceae 设法实现了吸引不同传粉媒介类型的多种花卉表型,其中大多数物种需要蜜蜂进行专门的“嗡嗡传粉”。然而,先前对 Miconieae 的研究记录了与广义授粉策略相关的表型趋同进化的几个实例。我们在系统发育背景下探索了云母科的花卉形态进化,以了解多样化如何与不同的表型相关,以及该部落内普遍授粉系统的共同进化如何。方法。我们构建了 Miconieae 最大的物种级系统发育,并将其与从野外照片中获得的 350 多个物种的各种花卉特征的形态学数据相结合。然后使用具有随机字符映射的祖先状态重建来分析性状进化。用 Pagel 的离散特征统计方法和连续特征的系统发育独立对比的回归分析来估计性状相关性。我们用宏观进化混合物的贝叶斯分析分析了部落的多样化,并用二元状态物种形成和灭绝方法探讨了特征状态进化对多样化的影响。关键结果。我们的分析揭示了指示传粉媒介介导的选择压力的多个特征的猖獗收敛和相关进化。结论。我们确认了广义花卉表型进化中的几个平行趋势,并发现了泛化趋势与可能与高原环境殖民化有关的多样化率增加之间的关联。我们用宏观进化混合物的贝叶斯分析分析了部落的多样化,并用二元状态物种形成和灭绝方法探讨了特征状态进化对多样化的影响。关键结果。我们的分析揭示了指示传粉媒介介导的选择压力的多个特征的猖獗收敛和相关进化。结论。我们确认了广义花卉表型进化中的几个平行趋势,并发现了泛化趋势与可能与高原环境殖民化有关的多样化率增加之间的关联。我们用宏观进化混合物的贝叶斯分析分析了部落的多样化,并用二元状态物种形成和灭绝方法探讨了特征状态进化对多样化的影响。关键结果。我们的分析揭示了指示传粉媒介介导的选择压力的多个特征的猖獗收敛和相关进化。结论。我们确认了广义花卉表型进化中的几个平行趋势,并发现了泛化趋势与可能与高原环境殖民化有关的多样化率增加之间的关联。关键结果。我们的分析揭示了指示传粉媒介介导的选择压力的多个特征的猖獗收敛和相关进化。结论。我们确认了广义花卉表型进化中的几个平行趋势,并发现了泛化趋势与可能与高原环境殖民化有关的多样化率增加之间的关联。关键结果。我们的分析揭示了指示传粉媒介介导的选择压力的多个特征的猖獗收敛和相关进化。结论。我们确认了广义花卉表型进化中的几个平行趋势,并发现了泛化趋势与可能与高原环境殖民化有关的多样化率增加之间的关联。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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