Bioremediation strategies have been applied to clean up petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) impacted sites. Introducing PHC degrading microorganisms (bioaugmentation) and enhancing the in‐situ nutrients availability (biostimulation) are widely used strategies. These strategies can be combined to lead to a better bioremediation performance. In this work, Pseudomonas fluorescens was isolated from a PHC impacted site. Through a 2³ factorial design plan, the effect of various combinations of nitrate, sulphate, and phosphate ions on the PHC bioremediation performance by P. fluorescens was investigated using catechol, an essential metabolic intermediate of BTEX degradation, as the sole carbon source. The maximum specific catechol degradation rate was chosen as the response to evaluate the catechol bioremediation performance. The ANOVA results indicated that the presence of nitrate ions alone lowered the maximum specific catechol degradation rate, which can be explained by the accumulation of nitrites and ammonia during the denitrification process by P. fluorescens. It was noted that dosing sulphate ions alone did not affect the bioremediation performance, which indicates P. fluorescens can grow in a sulphur‐limited environment. In contrast, the presence of sulphate and nitrate ions together can lead to a higher specific catechol degradation rate. This may be caused by the presence of sulphate that can suppress the production of nitrites. The importance of phosphate ions on catechol biodegradation was investigated. The absence of phosphate led to incomplete biodegradation. Introducing phosphate ions can accelerate catechol degradation, which can be explained by the secretion of organic acids.

中文翻译：

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石油污染土壤中的荧光假单胞菌对儿茶酚的生物降解

生物修复策略已应用于清理受石油烃（PHC）影响的地点。引入PHC降解微生物（生物强化）和提高原地养分利用率（生物刺激）是广泛使用的策略。可以组合使用这些策略以实现更好的生物修复性能。在这项工作中，荧光假单胞菌是从受PHC影响的部位分离出来的。通过2 ³因子设计计划，硝酸根，硫酸根和磷酸根离子的各种组合对荧光假单胞菌对PHC生物修复性能的影响儿茶酚是BTEX降解的重要代谢中间体，它是唯一的碳源。选择最大比邻苯二酚降解速率作为评估邻苯二酚生物修复性能的响应。方差分析结果表明，单独存在硝酸根离子会降低最大比邻苯二酚降解速率，这可以通过荧光假单胞菌在反硝化过程中亚硝酸盐和氨的积累来解释。注意到单独投加硫酸根离子不会影响生物修复性能，这表明荧光假单胞菌可以在硫限制的环境中生长。相反，硫酸根和硝酸根离子的共同存在会导致更高的儿茶酚比降解率。这可能是由于硫酸盐的存在会抑制亚硝酸盐的产生。研究了磷酸根离子对儿茶酚生物降解的重要性。磷酸盐的缺乏导致生物降解不完全。引入磷酸根离子可以加速儿茶酚的降解，这可以用有机酸的分泌来解释。