Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are like soldiers of an innate immune system, which protects vital biological processes against invading pathogens. TLR signalling pathways help in the removal of pathogens and mediate well‐established inflammatory processes. However, these processes may also aid in the development or augmentation of an infection or an autoimmune disease. Recent studies have delineated TLR polymorphism's role in the loss of function, making hosts more resistant or vulnerable to the development of an infection. In this review, we have discussed the association of TLRs with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially to the pathogen‐specific ligands. We have also assessed the impact on TLR downstream signalling and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis during immune responses. Besides, we have discussed the role of TLRs single nucleotide polymorphisms in various STIs. Since TLRs are known to play a part in defence mechanisms and in aiding infections therefore, a thorough understanding of TLRs structure and molecular mechanisms is required to explain how they can influence the outcome of an STI. Such a strategy may lead to the development of novel and useful immunotherapeutic approaches to control pathogen progression and prevent transmission.

中文翻译：

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对性传播感染中的收费型受体的见解。

Toll样受体（TLR）就像先天免疫系统的士兵一样，可以保护重要的生物过程免受病原体的侵袭。TLR信号通路有助于清除病原体并介导公认的炎症过程。但是，这些过程也可能有助于感染或自身免疫性疾病的发展或加剧。最近的研究描述了TLR多态性在功能丧失中的作用，使宿主对感染的发展更具抵抗力或更容易受到感染。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了TLR与性传播感染（STI）的关联，尤其是与病原体特异性配体的关联。我们还评估了免疫应答过程中对TLR下游信号传导和细胞稳态维持的影响。除了，我们已经讨论了TLRs单核苷酸多态性在各种性传播感染中的作用。由于已知TLR在防御机制和帮助感染中起作用，因此需要对TLR的结构和分子机制有透彻的了解，以解释它们如何影响STI的结果。这样的策略可以导致开发新颖和有用的免疫治疗方法以控制病原体的进展并防止传播。