Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) such as HCoV‐229E or OC43 are responsible for mild upper airway infections, whereas highly pathogenic HCoVs, including SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2, often evoke acute, heavy pneumonias. They tend to induce immune responses based on interferon and host inflammatory cytokine production and promotion of T1 immune profile. Less is known about their effect on T2‐type immunity. Unlike human rhinoviruses (HRV) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), HCoVs are not considered as a dominant risk factor of severe exacerbations of asthma, mostly T2‐type chronic inflammatory disease. The relationship between coronaviruses and T2‐type immunity, especially in asthma and allergy, is not well understood. This review aims to summarize currently available knowledge about the relationship of HCoVs, including novel SARS‐CoV‐2, with asthma and allergic inflammation.

中文翻译：

---

人类冠状病毒、哮喘和过敏之间的关系——一个未解决的难题

HCoV-229E 或 OC43 等人类冠状病毒 (HCoV) 会导致轻度上呼吸道感染，而高致病性 HCoV，包括 SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV 和 SARS-CoV-2，通常会引发急性、重型肺炎。它们倾向于诱导基于干扰素和宿主炎症细胞因子产生和促进 T1 免疫谱的免疫反应。关于它们对 T2 型免疫的影响知之甚少。与人类鼻病毒 (HRV) 和呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 不同，HCoV 不被认为是哮喘严重恶化的主要危险因素，主要是 T2 型慢性炎症性疾病。冠状病毒与 T2 型免疫之间的关系，特别是在哮喘和过敏中的关系，尚不清楚。本综述旨在总结目前关于 HCoV 关系的现有知识，包括新型 SARS-CoV-2、