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The role of lipids in ependymal development and the modulation of adult neural stem cell function during aging and disease
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.018
Danyon Harkins 1 , Helen M Cooper 2 , Michael Piper 3
Affiliation  

Within the adult mammalian central nervous system, the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles houses neural stem cells (NSCs) that continue to produce neurons throughout life. Developmentally, the V-SVZ neurogenic niche arises during corticogenesis following the terminal differentiation of telencephalic radial glial cells (RGCs) into either adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) or ependymal cells. In mice, these two cellular populations form rosettes during the late embryonic and early postnatal period, with ependymal cells surrounding aNSCs. These aNSCs and ependymal cells serve a number of key purposes, including the generation of neurons throughout life (aNSCs), and acting as a barrier between the CSF and the parenchyma and promoting CSF bulk flow (ependymal cells). Interestingly, the development of this neurogenic niche, as well as its ongoing function, has been shown to be reliant on different aspects of lipid biology. In this review we discuss the developmental origins of the rodent V-SVZ neurogenic niche, and highlight research which has implicated a role for lipids in the physiology of this part of the brain. We also discuss the role of lipids in the maintenance of the V-SVZ niche, and discuss new research which has suggested that alterations to lipid biology could contribute to ependymal cell dysfunction in aging and disease.



中文翻译:

脂质在室管膜发育中的作用以及衰老和疾病过程中成体神经干细胞功能的调节

在成年哺乳动物的中枢神经系统中,位于侧脑室的心室-脑室下区 (V-SVZ) 容纳着神经干细胞 (NSC),它们在整个生命过程中继续产生神经元。在发育过程中,在端脑放射状胶质细胞 (RGC) 终末分化为成体神经干细胞 (aNSC) 或室管膜细胞后,在皮质发生过程中会出现 V-SVZ 神经源性生态位。在小鼠中,这两种细胞群在胚胎晚期和出生后早期形成玫瑰花结,室管膜细胞围绕 aNSC。这些 aNSCs 和室管膜细胞具有许多关键目的,包括在整个生命过程中产生神经元 (aNSCs),并充当 CSF 和实质之间的屏障并促进 CSF 大量流动(室管膜细胞)。有趣的是,这种神经源性生态位的发展及其持续功能已被证明依赖于脂质生物学的不同方面。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了啮齿动物 V-SVZ 神经源性生态位的发育起源,并重点研究了脂质在大脑这部分生理学中的作用。我们还讨论了脂质在维持 V-SVZ 生态位中的作用,并讨论了新的研究,这些研究表明脂质生物学的改变可能导致衰老和疾病中的室管膜细胞功能障碍。重点研究表明脂质在大脑这部分生理学中的作用。我们还讨论了脂质在维持 V-SVZ 生态位中的作用,并讨论了新的研究,这些研究表明脂质生物学的改变可能导致衰老和疾病中的室管膜细胞功能障碍。重点研究表明脂质在大脑这部分生理学中的作用。我们还讨论了脂质在维持 V-SVZ 生态位中的作用,并讨论了新的研究,这些研究表明脂质生物学的改变可能导致衰老和疾病中的室管膜细胞功能障碍。

更新日期:2020-08-06
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