Parkinsonia aculeata L. growing in Saudi Arabia was investigated for its phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was employed as a powerful technique for the characterization of secondary metabolites from a hydroalcoholic extract, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate fractions of P. aculeata L. aerial parts. Sixty-nine compounds (flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolics and fatty acids) were detected and characterized; flavonoids were the abundant components in the analyzed samples. The dichloromethane fraction was rich in phenolics as vanillic acid hexoside, flavonols as 3,7-dimthylquercetin, and flavones as 3′-hydroxymelanettin. However, the ethyl acetate fraction was rich in flavonoid-C-glycosides as luteolin-8-C-β-D-glucoside (orientin) and apigenin-8-C-glucoside (vitexin), flavonoid- O, C-diglycosides such as luteolin 7-O-[6′'-dihydrogalloyl]-glucosyl-8-C-pentosyl-(1 → 2)-glucoside and 2′'-O-rhamnosyl isoorientin. These compounds were identified for the first time in dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of Saudi P. aculeata L.

Additionally, all the samples were assessed for antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging method and for cytotoxic activity through MTT assay. Accordingly, the most active fraction was the ethyl acetate which showed the highest antioxidant activity (SC₅₀ = 57.4 ± 1.2 μg/mL) compared with the positive control, ascorbic acid (SC₅₀ = 12.4 ± 0.5 μg/mL) and moderate cytotoxicity against HepG-2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast carcinoma) cell lines with IC₅₀ = 56.9 ± 3.1 and 95.8 ± 3.8 μg/mL, respectively compared with cisplatin (IC₅₀ = 3.67 ± 0.22 and 5.71 ± 0.57 μg/mL, respectively for both cell lines). The antioxidant and cytotoxic activities may be attributed to the presence of high percentage of phenolic compounds and hydroxylated flavonoids detected in ethyl acetate fraction using UPLS-ESI-MS/MS.

研究了在沙特阿拉伯生长的帕金森氏菌的植物化学特征，抗氧化剂和细胞毒性。UPLC-ESI-MS / MS被用作一种功能强大的技术，可用于从小球藻地上部分的水醇提取物，二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯馏分中表征次生代​​谢产物。检测并鉴定了69种化合物（类黄酮，花青素，酚和脂肪酸）；类黄酮是分析样品中的丰富成分。二氯甲烷馏分富含酚类物质（如香草酸己糖苷），黄酮醇（如3,7-二甲基槲皮素）和黄酮（如3'-羟基黑素）。然而，将乙酸乙酯级分在类黄酮是丰富Ç -glycosides作为木犀草素-8- Ç-β-D-葡糖苷（orientin）和芹菜素-8- C-葡糖苷（vitexin ），类黄酮-O，C-二糖苷，如木犀草素7- O- [6''-二氢没食子酰基]-葡萄糖基-8- C-戊糖基-（1→2）-葡萄糖苷和2''- O-鼠李糖基异orientin。这些化合物是首次在沙特氏假单胞菌的二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯馏分中鉴定的。

另外，使用DPPH自由基清除方法评估所有样品的抗氧化活性，并通过MTT测定评估其细胞毒性活性。因此， 与阳性对照相比，活性最高的部分是乙酸乙酯，其显示出最高的抗氧化活性（SC ₅₀ = 57.4±1.2μg/ mL），抗坏血酸（SC ₅₀  = 12.4±0.5μg/ mL）并且对中度细胞毒性 与顺铂（IC _50）相比，HepG-2（肝细胞癌）和MCF-7（乳腺癌）细胞系的IC _50分别为56.9±3.1和95.8±3.8μg/ mL。 两种细胞系分别分别为3.67±0.22和5.71±0.57μg/ mL）。抗氧化剂和细胞毒活性可能归因于使用UPLS-ESI-MS / MS在乙酸乙酯级分中检测到高百分比的酚类化合物和羟基化类黄酮的存在。