Two-dimensional materials as graphene oxide (GO) are able to accommodate labels as well as toxins for diagnostics and therapy, respectively. The transmembrane protein carbonic anhydrase (CA IX) is one of the molecules selectively expressed by tumor cells. Here, we demonstrate bioconjugation of GO to biotinylated M75 antibody highly selective towards CA IX. Based on a model system, binding between the bioconjugated GO-M75 and Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells was evaluated. As proven by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, higher intake was observed for GO-M75 towards MDCK cells ectopically expressing CA IX protein on their surface when compared to control MDCK. In particular, we were able to localize GO nanocarrier crossing the membrane during endocytosis, thanks to the optical cross-sectioning of living cells in real-time employed the label-free confocal Raman microscopy. The increased affinity of the prepared GO-M75 molecular complexes validates the use of two-dimensional materials for future strategies of targeted cancer treatment.

二维材料如氧化石墨烯 (GO) 能够分别容纳标签和毒素用于诊断和治疗。跨膜蛋白碳酸酐酶 (CA IX) 是肿瘤细胞选择性表达的分子之一。在这里，我们展示了 GO 与生物素化 M75 抗体的生物偶联，对 CA IX 具有高度选择性。基于模型系统，评估了生物结合的 GO-M75 和 Madin-Darby 犬肾 (MDCK) 细胞之间的结合。正如荧光激活细胞分选所证明的那样，与对照 MDCK 相比，GO-M75 对在其表面异位表达 CA IX 蛋白的 MDCK 细胞的摄入量更高。特别是，我们能够在内吞过程中定位穿过膜的 GO 纳米载体，由于活细胞的实时光学横截面采用了无标记共聚焦拉曼显微镜。所制备的 GO-M75 分子复合物的亲和力增加，验证了二维材料在未来靶向癌症治疗策略中的应用。