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Natural history and epidemiology of the spinocerebellar ataxias: Insights from the first description to nowadays
Journal of the Neurological Sciences ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117082
Stephanie Suzanne de Oliveira Scott 1 , José Luiz Pedroso 2 , Orlando Graziani Povoas Barsottini 2 , Marcondes Cavalcante França-Junior 3 , Pedro Braga-Neto 4
Affiliation  

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a heterogeneous group of autosomal dominant inherited diseases that share the degeneration of the cerebellum and its connections as their main feature. We performed a detailed description of the natural history of the main SCAs, focusing on epidemiology, progression, haplotype analysis and its correlation with founder effect, and perspective of future treatments. References for this review were identified by an in-depth literature search on PubMed and selected on the basis of relevance to the topic and on the authors' judgment. More than 40 SCAs have been described so far. SCA3 is the most common subtype worldwide, followed by SCA2 and 6. To evaluate the natural history and to estimate the progression of the main SCAs, consortiums were created all over the globe. Clinical rating scales have been developed to provide an accurate estimation of cerebellar clinical deficits, evaluating cerebellar and non-cerebellar signs. Natural history studies revealed that SCA1 patients' functional status worsened significantly faster than in other SCA subtypes, followed by SCA3, SCA2, SCA6, and SCA10. Number of CAG repeats, age of onset, and ataxia severity at baseline are strong contributors to the risk of death in most SCAs. Understanding the natural history of SCAs is extremely important. Although these are rare diseases, the impact they have on the affected individual are enormous. The advances in the field of genetics are helping understand neuronal functions and dysfunctions and allowing the study and development of possible therapies.

中文翻译:

脊髓小脑性共济失调的自然史和流行病学:从最初描述到现在的见解

脊髓小脑性共济失调 (SCA) 是一组异质性常染色体显性遗传疾病,其主要特征是小脑及其连接的退化。我们详细描述了主要 SCA 的自然史,重点是流行病学、进展、单倍型分析及其与创始人效应的相关性,以及未来治疗的前景。本综述的参考文献是通过对 PubMed 的深入文献搜索确定的,并根据与主题的相关性和作者的判断进行选择。到目前为止,已经描述了 40 多种 SCA。SCA3 是世界范围内最常见的亚型,其次是 SCA2 和 6。为了评估自然史并估计主要 SCA 的进展,在全球范围内建立了联盟。已经开发出临床评定量表来准确估计小脑临床缺陷,评估小脑和非小脑体征。自然史研究表明,SCA1 患者的功能状态恶化速度明显快于其他 SCA 亚型,其次是 SCA3、SCA2、SCA6 和 SCA10。在大多数 SCA 中,CAG 重复次数、发病年龄和基线共济失调严重程度是导致死亡风险的重要因素。了解 SCA 的自然史非常重要。尽管这些是罕见疾病,但它们对受影响个体的影响是巨大的。遗传学领域的进步有助于了解神经元功能和功能障碍,并允许研究和开发可能的疗法。评估小脑和非小脑体征。自然史研究表明,SCA1 患者的功能状态恶化速度明显快于其他 SCA 亚型,其次是 SCA3、SCA2、SCA6 和 SCA10。在大多数 SCA 中,CAG 重复次数、发病年龄和基线共济失调严重程度是导致死亡风险的重要因素。了解 SCA 的自然史非常重要。虽然这些是罕见疾病,但它们对受影响个体的影响是巨大的。遗传学领域的进步有助于了解神经元功能和功能障碍,并允许研究和开发可能的疗法。评估小脑和非小脑体征。自然史研究表明,SCA1 患者的功能状态恶化速度明显快于其他 SCA 亚型,其次是 SCA3、SCA2、SCA6 和 SCA10。在大多数 SCA 中,CAG 重复次数、发病年龄和基线共济失调严重程度是导致死亡风险的重要因素。了解 SCA 的自然史非常重要。尽管这些是罕见疾病,但它们对受影响个体的影响是巨大的。遗传学领域的进步有助于了解神经元功能和功能障碍,并允许研究和开发可能的疗法。SCA6 和 SCA10。在大多数 SCA 中,CAG 重复次数、发病年龄和基线共济失调严重程度是导致死亡风险的重要因素。了解 SCA 的自然史非常重要。虽然这些是罕见疾病,但它们对受影响个体的影响是巨大的。遗传学领域的进步有助于了解神经元功能和功能障碍,并允许研究和开发可能的疗法。SCA6 和 SCA10。在大多数 SCA 中,CAG 重复次数、发病年龄和基线共济失调严重程度是导致死亡风险的重要因素。了解 SCA 的自然史非常重要。尽管这些是罕见疾病,但它们对受影响个体的影响是巨大的。遗传学领域的进步有助于了解神经元功能和功能障碍,并允许研究和开发可能的疗法。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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