We developed an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine by using Re-11, Re-12, and H7-Re2 vaccine seed viruses, which were generated by reverse genetics and derived their HA genes from A/duck/Guizhou/S4184/2017(H5N6) (DK/GZ/S4184/17) (a clade 2.3.4.4d virus), A/chicken/Liaoning/SD007/2017(H5N1) (CK/LN/SD007/17) (a clade 2.3.2.1d virus), and A/chicken/Guangxi/SD098/2017(H7N9) (CK/GX/SD098/17), respectively. The protective efficacy of this novel vaccine and that of the recently used H5/H7 bivalent inactivated vaccine against different H5 and H7N9 viruses was evaluated in chickens. We found that the H5/H7 bivalent vaccine provided solid protection against the H7N9 virus CK/GX/SD098/17, but only 50–60% protection against different H5 viruses. In contrast, the novel H5/H7 trivalent vaccine provided complete protection against the H5 and H7 viruses tested. Our study underscores the importance of timely updating of vaccines for avian influenza control.

我们使用Re-11，Re-12和H7-Re2疫苗种子病毒开发了H5 / H7三价灭活疫苗，这些病毒是通过反向遗传学产生的，并从A / duck / Guizhou / S4184 / 2017（H5N6 ）（DK / GZ / S4184 / 17）（进化枝2.3.4.4d病毒），A /鸡/辽宁/ SD007 / 2017（H5N1）（CK / LN / SD007 / 17）（进化枝2.3.2.1d病毒） ，和分别为A / chicken / Guangxi / SD098 / 2017（H7N9）（CK / GX / SD098 / 17）。在鸡中评估了这种新型疫苗和最近使用的H5 / H7二价灭活疫苗对不同H5和H7N9病毒的保护效果。我们发现，H5 / H7二价疫苗对H7N9病毒CK / GX / SD098 / 17提供了可靠的保护，但对不同H5病毒的保护却只有50-60％。相反，新型H5 / H7三价疫苗可提供针对测试的H5和H7病毒的完全保护。