Abstract Mahd Adh Dhahab polymetallic Au-telluride mine in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a world-class deposit. The mineralization is hosted by subalkaline bimodal rhyolite-basalt arc succession part of the late Proterozoic Mahd group. The mineralized quartz veins mostly occupy fractures that formed in response to local folding of the Mahd volcanic-sedimentary sequence. The ore predominantly consists of massive sulfides (sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and galena) and a diverse range of Au-(Ag)-tellurides (sylvanite, petzite, hessite, tetradymite, tellurobismuthite and altaite). Gangue mineral assemblage comprises chlorite, epidote, sassurite and quartz. Tellurides occur as subhedral grains dispersed within chalcopyrite, sphalerite and Fe-rich chlorite. Geological, structural and mineralogical observations support a model invoking a multi-stage process of mixed magmatic-meteoric fluids and boiling as a cause of telluride precipitation. The metal-bearing magmatic fluid was exsolved from a crystallizing arc alkaline melt produced by partial melting of a subducted slab containing ocean floor sediments. Precipitation from solution occurs as a result of the condensation of Te-rich vapor phase and mixing of auriferous fluids with cooled oxygenated meteoric water at a shallow depth.

中文翻译：

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沙特阿拉伯王国世界级 Mahd Adh Dhahab 浅成热液 Au-(Ag)-碲化物矿床的地质、矿物学和成因

摘要 沙特阿拉伯王国Mahd Adh Dhahab多金属碲化金矿是世界一流的矿床。矿化位于晚元古代马赫德群的亚碱性双峰流纹岩-玄武岩弧形演替部分。矿化石英脉主要占据响应 Mahd 火山沉积层序局部折叠而形成的裂缝。矿石主要由块状硫化物（闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿和方铅矿）和各种 Au-（Ag）-碲化物（钾盐、磷锌矿、黑铁矿、四碲石、碲铋矿和铝钛矿）组成。脉石矿物组合包括绿泥石、绿帘石、热铝锌矿和石英。碲化物以分散在黄铜矿、闪锌矿和富铁绿泥石中的亚自体晶粒形式出现。地质，结构和矿物学观察支持一个模型，该模型调用混合岩浆-陨石流体和沸腾的多阶段过程，作为碲化物沉淀的原因。含金属的岩浆流体是从含有洋底沉积物的俯冲板块部分熔融产生的结晶弧碱性熔体中溶出的。溶液中的沉淀是由于富含 Te 的气相冷凝以及含金流体与浅层冷却的含氧大气水混合的结果。