Abstract Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) play an important role in both military and civilian industries, but most of the existing GNSS carriers are crowded in the L band. Although some modulations, such as binary-offset-carrier (BOC) and its modifications, can reduce the mutual interference of one GNSS signal to others, the exhausted L-band frequencies are still the bottleneck to improve GNSS performance further. The problem can be solved if the GNSS carriers can be allocated to other bands, such as S band (2483.5–2500 MHz) and C band (5010–5030 MHz), which adjoin L band. In this paper, the feasibility of using an S-band GNSS carrier is evaluated systematically. The transmission path loss, the transmission errors, and the signal reception performance of an S-band carrier are analyzed by comparison with an existing L-band carrier and a potential C-band one. The impacts of the S-band carrier both on the satellite payload and on the receiver are discussed. The compatibility of the S-band signal with the existing signals in the adjacent band is also addressed. The conclusive remarks presented will be helpful to implement an S-band carrier.

中文翻译：

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通过与 L 和 C 频段的比较，使用 S 频段 GNSS 载波的可行性

摘要 全球导航卫星系统（GNSSs）在军用和民用领域都发挥着重要作用，但现有的GNSS载波大多集中在L波段。虽然一些调制，例如二进制偏移载波（BOC）及其修改，可以减少一个 GNSS 信号对其他信号的相互干扰，但耗尽的 L 波段频率仍然是进一步提高 GNSS 性能的瓶颈。如果可以将 GNSS 载波分配到其他频段，例如与 L 频段相邻的 S 频段（2483.5-2500 MHz）和 C 频段（5010-5030 MHz），则可以解决该问题。在本文中，系统评估了使用 S 波段 GNSS 载波的可行性。传输路径损耗、传输误差、通过与现有的L波段载波和潜在的C波段载波进行比较，分析了S波段载波的信号接收性能。讨论了 S 波段载波对卫星有效载荷和接收机的影响。还解决了 S 频段信号与相邻频段中现有信号的兼容性问题。提出的结论性评论将有助于实现 S 波段载波。