Perfectly imperfect: a review of chemical tools for exciton engineering in single-walled carbon nanotubes,Materials Horizons

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Perfectly imperfect: a review of chemical tools for exciton engineering in single-walled carbon nanotubes
Materials Horizons ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 , DOI: 10.1039/d0mh00845a
Dawid Janas _{1,

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Affiliation

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have revealed extraordinary potential for photonics. However, the scarcity of convenient methods to control chirality and inherently low quantum yield hamper their implementation in the field of optics. It has been recently discovered that the introduction of a slight amount of disorder to the otherwise perfect nanocarbon lattice can be surprisingly beneficial. Covalent addition of oxygen species or alkyl/aryl groups to the SWCNT side-wall creates local potential wells for trapping mobile excitons. As a consequence, the light emitted from SWCNTs is much brighter and approaches quantum yields of up to 20%. Furthermore, new redshifted signatures emerge in the spectra, which extends their application capabilities. This review summarizes the progress on this front from the chemical perspective. A range of currently available tools to create such defects is provided. To gain appropriate insight, a selection of inorganic and organic chemical reactions, which work on the principles of oxidation and alkylation/arylation, respectively, is analyzed herein. Furthermore, the effect of the structure of the grafted functional group on the optical properties is considered in detail. It is supported by all data extracted from the literature regarding modification of (6,5) SWCNTs, being the most representative example due to their widespread use. This summary serves as guidance for new scientists entering this promising area of research. Finally, the contribution is concluded with a critical comparison of the methodologies and an overview of the future shape of this field, which indicates which niches should be taken care of first.

中文翻译：

完美不完美：单壁碳纳米管中用于激子工程的化学工具的综述

单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）具有光子学的巨大潜力。但是，缺乏控制手性的简便方法和固有的低量子产率的缺点妨碍了它们在光学领域的实施。最近发现，将极少量的无序引入本来是完美的纳米碳晶格中可能出奇地有益。向SWCNT侧壁共价添加氧物种或烷基/芳基会产生局部势阱，以捕获移动激子。结果，SWCNT发出的光更亮，量子产率高达20％。此外，光谱中出现了新的红移签名，从而扩展了它们的应用能力。这篇综述从化学的角度总结了这方面的进展。提供了许多当前可用的工具来创建此类缺陷。为了获得适当的见解，本文分析了分别在氧化和烷基化/芳基化原理上起作用的无机和有机化学反应的选择。此外，详细考虑了接枝官能团的结构对光学性质的影响。从文献中提取的有关（6,5）SWCNT改性的所有数据均支持该方法，由于其广泛使用，这是最具代表性的示例。该摘要为新科学家进入这一有前途的研究领域提供了指导。最后，通过对方法学进行严格的比较并对该领域的未来状况进行概述来做出贡献，这表明应该首先关注哪些领域。

更新日期：2020-09-01

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