Warning sound systems for electric vehicles with advanced beamforming capabilities have been investigated in the past. Despite showing promising performance, such technologies have yet to be adopted by the industry, as implementation costs are generally too high and the components too fragile for implementation. A lower cost solution with higher durability could be achieved by using an array of inertial actuators instead of loudspeakers. These actuators can be attached directly to the body of the vehicle and thus require minimal design modifications. A directional sound field can then be radiated by controlling the vibration of the panel via adjustments to the relative magnitude and phase of the signals driving the array. This paper presents an experimental investigation of an inertial actuator-based warning sound system. A vehicle placed in a semi-anechoic environment is used to investigate different array configurations in terms of the resulting sound field directivity and the leakage of sound into the cabin. Results indicate that the most efficient configuration investigated has the actuators attached to the front bumper of the vehicle. Using this arrangement, real-time measurements for different beamformer settings are performed to obtain a thorough picture of the performance of the system across frequency and steering angle.

中文翻译：

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基于结构振动的电动汽车定向警告声系统的研究。

过去已经研究了具有先进波束形成功能的电动汽车警告声音系统。尽管表现出令人鼓舞的性能，但是由于实施成本通常太高且组件对于实施而言太脆弱，因此此类技术尚未被业界采用。通过使用一系列惯性促动器代替扬声器，可以实现具有更高耐用性的低成本解决方案。这些致动器可以直接附接到车辆的车身，因此需要最小的设计修改。然后，可以通过调整驱动阵列信号的相对幅度和相位来控制面板的振动来辐射方向性声场。本文介绍了基于惯性执行器的警告声音系统的实验研究。放置在半消声环境中的车辆用于根据产生的声场方向性和声音泄漏到车厢中来研究不同的阵列配置。结果表明，所研究的最有效的配置将执行器安装在车辆的前保险杠上。使用这种安排，可以对不同的波束形成器设置进行实时测量，以获得整个系统在频率和转向角范围内的性能的完整图像。