Abstract Low availability of iron (Fe) in calcareous and saline soils is one of the major causes of diminished production of crops such as wheat. This study investigated the effects of slow-release fertilizers enriched with Fe, on some qualitative and biochemical traits of new wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, Narin, under salt stress. For this purpose, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate different levels of Fe fertilizer application including non-fertilizer application, ferrous sulfate at 10 and 20 mg kg−1, and super-absorbent fertilizer enriched with Fe equivalent 10 and 20 mg kg−1 ferrous sulfate on wheat plants under three levels of salt stress (0, 8, and 12 dS m−1). The fertilizer application improved chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, soluble sugars, K+ concentration, grain Fe content, and 100-grain weight. The salinity increased proline and Na+ content in the leaves, causing a considerable decline in the total soluble carbohydrate, 100-grain weight, K+/Na+ ratio, and protein content of the leaves. The slow-release fertilizer enriched with Fe was more effective in enhancing the grain quality and salt stress tolerance than ferrous sulfate because of raising grain Fe content, soluble sugars, K+ concentration, and K+/Na+ ratio of the leaf. These results suggest that application of the proper type of iron-containing fertilizers, including slow-release fertilizers, and replacing them with common fertilizers would help wheat plants cope with salinity.

中文翻译：

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使用富铁缓释肥缓解盐胁迫改善小麦籽粒铁积累

摘要 钙质和盐渍土壤中铁 (Fe) 的可用性低是小麦等作物减产的主要原因之一。本研究调查了富含铁的缓释肥料对盐胁迫下新小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 品种 Narin 的一些定性和生化性状的影响。为此，进行了一项温室试验，以评估不同水平的铁肥施用，包括不施肥、10 和 20 mg kg-1 的硫酸亚铁以及富含铁当量 10 和 20 mg kg-1 的高吸水性肥料硫酸亚铁在三种盐胁迫水平（0、8 和 12 dS m-1）下对小麦植株的影响。施肥提高了叶绿素a、总叶绿素、可溶性糖、K+浓度、谷粒铁含量和百粒重。盐分增加了叶片中脯氨酸和Na+的含量，导致叶片总可溶性碳水化合物、百粒重、K+/Na+比和蛋白质含量显着下降。与硫酸亚铁相比，富铁缓释肥在提高籽粒品质和耐盐性方面更有效，因为可提高籽粒铁含量、可溶性糖、钾浓度和叶片钾/钠比。这些结果表明，施用适当类型的含铁肥料，包括缓释肥料，并用普通肥料代替它们，将有助于小麦植物应对盐碱化。与硫酸亚铁相比，富铁缓释肥在提高籽粒品质和耐盐性方面更有效，因为可提高籽粒铁含量、可溶性糖、钾浓度和叶片钾/钠比。这些结果表明，施用适当类型的含铁肥料，包括缓释肥料，并用普通肥料代替它们，将有助于小麦植物应对盐碱化。与硫酸亚铁相比，富铁缓释肥在提高籽粒品质和耐盐性方面更有效，因为可提高籽粒铁含量、可溶性糖、钾浓度和叶片钾/钠比。这些结果表明，施用适当类型的含铁肥料，包括缓释肥料，并用普通肥料代替它们，将有助于小麦植物应对盐碱化。