Abstract In recent decades, chemical fertilizers create a thread to organic agriculture and food security. To overcome this issue, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of liquid seaweed extracts (LSEs) prepared from Padina boergesenii (PB) and Gracilaria edulis (GE) on growth, development, biochemical characteristics and yield traits of foxtail millet. The various concentrations of individual (20, 40, 60, and 80%; v/v) and combined (10 + 10, 20 + 20, 30 + 30, and 40 + 40%; v/v) PB and GE LSEs were supplied through foliar spray method. The results imply that germination bioassays, vegetative plant growth were significantly increased in lower concentration of LSEs. Further, exposure of foxtail plants to combined foliar spray application of (20 + 20%; v/v) LSEs enriched photosynthetic pigments, total soluble sugar and total soluble protein, compared with single LSEs and control foliar spray methods. Additionally, LSEs enhanced the yield attributes such as the average number of seeds (971.5/panicle) and mean length of panicle (18.4 cm) in PB + GE LSEs (20 + 20%; v/v) treatment. This is the first report, to assess the synergistic biostimulant ability of PB and GE LSEs in plant growth, quality improvement and yield attributes of foxtail millet. In conclusion, this present study suggests that combination of PB + GE LSEs foliar spray application could serve as an ideal biostimulant and a potential alternate to hazards chemical fertilizer in the green agriculture.

中文翻译：

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液态海藻提取物对提高谷子农艺性能的影响

摘要 近几十年来，化肥为有机农业和粮食安全创造了一条线索。为了克服这个问题，本研究旨在研究从 Padina boergesenii (PB) 和 Gracilaria edulis (GE) 制备的液体海藻提取物 (LSE) 对粟的生长、发育、生化特性和产量性状的影响。单个（20、40、60 和 80%；v/v）和组合（10 + 10、20 + 20、30 + 30 和 40 + 40%；v/v）PB 和 GE LSE 的各种浓度是以叶面喷施方式供给。结果表明，在较低浓度的 LSE 中，萌发生物测定、营养植物生长显着增加。此外，将狗尾草暴露于 (20 + 20%; v/v) LSE 的组合叶面喷洒中，可增加光合色素，与单一 LSE 和对照叶面喷洒方法相比，总可溶性糖和总可溶性蛋白质。此外，LSE 增强了产量属性，例如 PB + GE LSE (20 + 20%; v/v) 处理中的平均种子数 (971.5/穗) 和平均穗长 (18.4 cm)。这是第一份评估 PB 和 GE LSEs 在谷子植物生长、质量改进和产量属性中的协同生物刺激能力的报告。总之，本研究表明，PB + GE LSEs 叶面喷施的组合可以作为理想的生物刺激素和绿色农业中有害化学肥料的潜在替代品。5/穗) 和 PB + GE LSE (20 + 20%; v/v) 处理中穗的平均长度 (18.4 cm)。这是第一份评估 PB 和 GE LSEs 在谷子植物生长、质量改进和产量属性中的协同生物刺激能力的报告。总之，本研究表明，PB + GE LSEs 叶面喷施的组合可以作为理想的生物刺激素和绿色农业中有害化学肥料的潜在替代品。5/穗) 和 PB + GE LSE (20 + 20%; v/v) 处理中穗的平均长度 (18.4 cm)。这是第一份评估 PB 和 GE LSEs 在谷子植物生长、质量改进和产量属性中的协同生物刺激能力的报告。总之，本研究表明，PB + GE LSEs 叶面喷施的组合可以作为理想的生物刺激素和绿色农业中有害化学肥料的潜在替代品。