Limiting meat consumption has recently become one of the key issues linked to public health and environmental sustainability. This is reflected in the strong emphasis on increasing promotion of plant-based nutritional styles, such as vegan and vegetarian diets. Vegan/vegetarian diets appeal to certain demographic groups more than to others. The most striking difference, however, is found between the sexes. Men and women differ in their preferences for plant products and in their attitudes to meat consumption. There are also differences between their motivations to start and/or follow a vegan/vegetarian diet. Major differences have also been observed in men’s and women’s attitudes towards people following plant-based diets. Vegetarian diets are generally considered to be less masculine than meat-based diets, and omnivores exhibit more prejudice against vegetarian men than women. This study follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) systematic literature review model. The Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched (up to January 2020) to identify studies, which analysed variables directly or indirectly related to inter-sex differences with regard to the vegan/vegetarian diet. After the screening process based on the relevance and quality criteria, 29 articles were included in the study. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of these gender differences, not only as regards social perceptions, but also in terms of individual attitudes to vegetarian/vegan diets. Ignoring those differences hinders the promotion of plant-based diets and may explain the relatively meager success of previous efforts to promote sustainable nutritional styles.

中文翻译：

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对纯素食者/素食者及其食物偏好的态度的性别差异，以及它们对促进可持续饮食模式的影响——系统评价

限制肉类消费最近已成为与公共卫生和环境可持续性相关的关键问题之一。这反映在对越来越多地推广植物性营养方式的强调上，例如纯素和素食饮食。纯素/素食饮食对某些人口群体的吸引力大于其他人。然而，最显着的差异出现在两性之间。男性和女性对植物产品的偏好和对肉类消费的态度各不相同。他们开始和/或遵循纯素/素食饮食的动机也存在差异。男性和女性对植物性饮食者的态度也存在重大差异。素食通常被认为比肉类饮食更不男性化，杂食动物对素食男性的偏见多于女性。本研究遵循 PRISMA（系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目）系统文献回顾模型。搜索了科学网和 PubMed 数据库（截至 2020 年 1 月）以识别研究，这些研究分析了与纯素/素食饮食方面的性别差异直接或间接相关的变量。根据相关性和质量标准进行筛选后，29 篇文章被纳入研究。本次审查的目的是提高对这些性别差异的认识，不仅在社会观念方面，而且在个人对素食/纯素饮食的态度方面。