Coupled network of the circadian clocks: a driving force of rhythmic physiology,FEBS Letters

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Coupled network of the circadian clocks: a driving force of rhythmic physiology
FEBS Letters ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 , DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13898
Anna-Marie Finger _{1,

2} , Charna Dibner _{3,

4,

5,

6} , Achim Kramer _{1,

2}

Affiliation

The circadian system is composed of coupled endogenous oscillators that allow living beings, including humans, to anticipate and adapt to daily changes in their environment. In mammals, circadian clocks form a hierarchically organized network with a ‘master clock’ located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, which ensures entrainment of subsidiary oscillators to environmental cycles. Robust rhythmicity of body clocks is indispensable for temporally coordinating organ functions, and the disruption or misalignment of circadian rhythms caused for instance by modern lifestyle is strongly associated with various widespread diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge about the molecular architecture and system‐level organization of mammalian circadian oscillators. Furthermore, we discuss the regulatory roles of peripheral clocks for cell and organ physiology and their implication in the temporal coordination of metabolism in human health and disease. Finally, we summarize methods for assessing circadian rhythmicity in humans.

中文翻译：

生物钟的耦合网络：节律生理学的驱动力

昼夜节律系统由耦合的内源性振荡器组成，使包括人类在内的生物能够预测和适应环境中的日常变化。在哺乳动物中，生物钟与位于下丘脑视交叉上核中的“主时钟”形成一个分层组织的网络，确保将辅助振荡器夹带到环境周期中。生物钟的稳健节律对于器官功能的时间协调是必不可少的，例如由现代生活方式引起的昼夜节律的中断或失调与各种广泛的疾病密切相关。本综述旨在全面概述我们目前关于哺乳动物昼夜节律振荡器的分子结构和系统级组织的知识。此外，我们讨论了外周时钟对细胞和器官生理学的调节作用及其在人类健康和疾病代谢的时间协调中的意义。最后，我们总结了评估人类昼夜节律的方法。

更新日期：2020-08-20

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