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Bottom-Up: Can Supramolecular Tools Deliver Responsiveness from Molecular Motors to Macroscopic Materials?
Matter ( IF 18.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.05.014
Qi Zhang , Da-Hui Qu , He Tian , Ben L. Feringa

Motion is omnipresent, as is obvious from the artificial machines in the macro-world and the biomolecular motors in living systems, controlling dynamic behavior along many length scales. With the emergence of molecular machines in the past decades, a major step has been made toward responsive materials and dynamic molecular systems. Photochemical rotary molecular motors hold a unique position, as embedding nanoscale motors in macroscopic materials enables light-driven responsive and adaptive properties. Although the synthesis and engineering of discrete molecular motors in the solution phase are well understood, the design and construction of motorized smart materials that operate at the supramolecular and macroscopic levels provide several fundamental challenges. This Review highlights emerging methodologies that take advantage of the supramolecular toolbox for the bottom-up assembly of responsive materials. Illustrative examples include muscle-like actuators, motor-based metal-organic frameworks, and motorized liquid crystal films and droplets. Emphasis is on how the light-responsive behavior and motion of rotary molecular motors can be communicated, delivered, and amplified to result in a specific dynamic output ranging from the nanoscale and molecular level all the way to the macroscopic scale and materials level. Furthermore, general guidelines for the supramolecular amplification of molecular motion and challenges and perspectives for the development of future motorized smart materials are presented.



中文翻译:

自下而上:超分子工具能否将分子马达的响应能力传递给宏观材料?

运动是无所不在的,从宏观世界中的人造机器和生命系统中的生物分子电动机可以明显看出,它们可以控制许多长度范围内的动态行为。在过去的几十年中,随着分子机器的出现,朝着响应材料和动态分子系统迈出了重要一步。光化学旋转分子马达拥有独特的地位,因为将纳米级马达嵌入宏观材料中可以实现光驱动响应和自适应特性。尽管人们已经很好地理解了离散分子电动机在固溶阶段的合成和工程设计,但在超分子和宏观水平上运行的智能化智能材料的设计和构造仍存在一些基本挑战。这篇综述重点介绍了利用超分子工具箱自底向上组装响应性材料的新兴方法。说明性示例包括类肌肉致动器,基于电机的金属有机框架以及机动化的液晶膜和液滴。重点是如何传递,传递和放大旋转分子电动机的光响应行为和运动,以产生特定的动态输出,从纳米级和分子级一直到宏观级和材料级。此外,提出了分子运动的超分子扩增的一般指南以及未来机动化智能材料发展的挑战和前景。说明性示例包括类肌肉致动器,基于电机的金属有机框架以及机动化的液晶膜和液滴。重点是如何传递,传递和放大旋转分子电动机的光响应行为和运动,以产生特定的动态输出,从纳米级和分子级一直到宏观级和材料级。此外,提出了分子运动的超分子扩增的一般指南以及未来机动化智能材料发展的挑战和前景。说明性示例包括类肌肉致动器,基于电机的金属有机框架以及机动化的液晶膜和液滴。重点是如何传递,传递和放大旋转分子电动机的光响应行为和运动,以产生特定的动态输出,从纳米级和分子级一直到宏观级和材料级。此外,提出了分子运动的超分子扩增的一般指南以及未来机动化智能材料发展的挑战和前景。并放大以产生特定的动态输出,从纳米级和分子级一直到宏观级和材料级。此外,提出了分子运动的超分子扩增的一般指南以及未来机动化智能材料发展的挑战和前景。并放大以产生特定的动态输出,从纳米级和分子级一直到宏观级和材料级。此外,提出了分子运动的超分子扩增的一般指南以及未来机动化智能材料发展的挑战和前景。

更新日期:2020-08-05
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