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The P300 as marker of inhibitory control – Fact or fiction?
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.021
René J Huster 1 , Mari S Messel 2 , Christina Thunberg 1 , Liisa Raud 1
Affiliation  

Inhibitory control, i.e., the ability to stop or suppress actions, thoughts, or memories, represents a prevalent and popular concept in basic and clinical neuroscience as well as psychology. At the same time, it is notoriously difficult to study as successful inhibition is characterized by the absence of a continuously quantifiable direct behavioral marker. It has been suggested that the P3 latency, and here especially its onset latency, may serve as neurophysiological marker of inhibitory control as it correlates with the stop signal reaction time (SSRT). The SSRT estimates the average stopping latency, which itself is unobservable since no overt response is elicited in successful stop trials, based on differences in the distribution of go reaction times and the delay of the stop-relative to the go-signal in stop trials.

In a meta-analysis and an independent electroencephalography (EEG) experiment, we found that correlations between the P3 latency and the SSRT are indeed replicable, but also unspecific. Not only does the SSRT also correlate with the N2 latency, but both P3 and N2 latency measures show similar or even higher correlations with other behavioral parameters such as the go reaction time or stopping accuracy. The missing specificity of P3–SSRT correlations, together with the general pattern of associations, suggests that these manifest effects are driven by underlying latent processes other than inhibition, such as behavioral adaptations in context of performance monitoring operations.



中文翻译:

P300作为抑制控制的标志–事实还是虚构?

抑制性控制,即停止或抑制动作,思想或记忆的能力,代表了基础和临床神经科学以及心理学中一个普遍流行的概念。同时,众所周知,由于成功抑制的特征是缺乏连续可量化的直接行为标记,因此很难进行研究。已经提出,P3潜伏期,特别是其发作潜伏期,可以作为抑制控制的神经生理学标志,因为它与停止信号反应时间(SSRT)相关。SSRT会根据停止反应中go反应时间的分布和停止相对于go信号的延迟来估算平均停止等待时间,这本身是无法观察到的,因为在成功的停止试验中不会引起明显的反应。

在一项荟萃分析和独立的脑电图(EEG)实验中,我们发现P3潜伏期和SSRT之间的相关性确实是可复制的,但也没有特异性。SSRT不仅与N2潜伏期相关,而且P3和N2潜伏期度量与其他行为参数(例如反应时间或停止精度)显示出相似甚至更高的相关性。P3–SSRT相关性缺乏特异性,以及一般的关联模式,表明这些明显的影响是由潜在的潜在过程驱动的,而不是抑制作用,例如在绩效监测操作中的行为适应。

更新日期:2020-10-04
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