Abstract This paper presents a high speed nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) strategy for (interleaved switching) buck-type DC/DC-converters. Compared to known MPC strategies the proposed approach allows for longer prediction horizons while keeping the calculation times in the range of a few µs . This is achieved by tailoring the MPC strategy to the efficient implementation on an FPGA, exploiting the inherent parallel computation capabilities of FPGAs. Moreover, the utilization of a numerically efficient envelope model in the MPC is an important building block to reach the desired fast calculation times. The MPC strategy systematically takes into account input and state constraints, features a high dynamic and accurate control performance, exhibits constant switching frequencies and enables an interleaved switching operation. The proposed MPC strategy is tested in detailed simulations and in hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments. An accurate and fast closed-loop dynamics can be achieved, also with respect to unknown fast load variations and parameter uncertainties. It is finally shown that the proposed MPC strategy has the potential to outperform the control performance of existing state-of-the-art controllers for DC/DC-converters.

中文翻译：

---

交错式开关 DC/DC 转换器的高速非线性模型预测控制

摘要 本文提出了一种用于（交错开关）降压型 DC/DC 转换器的高速非线性模型预测控制 (MPC) 策略。与已知的 MPC 策略相比，所提出的方法允许更长的预测范围，同时将计算时间保持在几微秒的范围内。这是通过定制 MPC 策略以在 FPGA 上高效实现，利用 FPGA 固有的并行计算能力来实现的。此外，在 MPC 中使用数值有效的包络模型是达到所需的快速计算时间的重要组成部分。MPC 策略系统地考虑了输入和状态约束，具有高动态和精确的控制性能，具有恒定的开关频率并支持交错开关操作。所提出的 MPC 策略在详细模拟和硬件在环 (HIL) 实验中进行了测试。可以实现准确和快速的闭环动态，还可以针对未知的快速负载变化和参数不确定性。最后表明，所提出的 MPC 策略有可能超越现有最先进的 DC/DC 转换器控制器的控制性能。