One of the main challenges of the social sciences is to explain metasystem transitions from biological to social systems in the process of evolution. These transitions correspond to the emergence of the structure of the subject in which the external world is internalized as a symbolic image. This structure has the potential of rationally reflecting the external world and encoding it in human language. The structure of the subject was defined by Freud and Lacan within the framework of psychoanalysis and modeled by Vladimir Lefebvre using the algebra of simple relations. In that context, the binary oppositions of the Western (W) and Eastern (E) types of cognitive reflection generate not only opposite types of societies but also form the spatiotemporal pattern within a society as a whole underlying its homeostasis and internal dynamics. This opposition between Western and Eastern types is not identical to, but mirrors the probably genetically determined opposition between individuals with primarily selfish or altruistic behavior. The structure of the reflexive subject represents the basis of a sociotype that can be considered as the third component of biosocial being in addition to genotype and phenotype; it is defined a social form of the individual bonded by the social environment and social interactions. The transition to a different type of social relations and structure is based on an anticipated reflexive choice by an individual that is accompanied by a coherent response from the society. This change is defined as a “social transaction” and can be modeled by the logic of the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics. In the history of human civilization, social transactions have resulted in the advancement and distribution of new knowledge and technologies, and in the formation, merging, splitting and decline and re-emergence of particular types of societies.

社会科学的主要挑战之一是解释进化过程中从生物系统到社会系统的元系统转变。这些转变对应于主体结构的出现，其中外部世界被内化为象征性图像。这种结构具有合理反映外部世界并将其编码为人类语言的潜力。主体的结构由弗洛伊德和拉康在精神分析的框架内定义，并由弗拉基米尔·勒斐伏尔使用简单关系的代数建模。在这种背景下，西方（W）和东方（E）类型的认知反思的二元对立不仅产生了相反类型的社会，而且在整个社会中形成了作为其动态平衡和内部动态背后的时空模式。西方人和东方人之间的这种对立并不相同，但反映了主要是自私或利他行为的个体之间可能由基因决定的对立。反身主体的结构代表了社会型的基础，它可以被认为是除基因型和表型之外的生物社会存在的第三个组成部分；它被定义为由社会环境和社会互动联系起来的个人的社会形式。向不同类型的社会关系和结构的过渡是基于个人的预期反射性选择，伴随着社会的一致反应。这种变化被定义为“社会交易”，可以用量子力学的交易解释逻辑来建模。在人类文明史上，