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Sol - gel powder synthesis in the TiO2-TeO2-ZnO system: structural characterization and properties
Arabian Journal of Chemistry ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.07.018
A. Bachvarova-Nedelcheva , R. Iordanova , K.L. Kostov , R. Gegova

Abstract The present study deals with the gel formation tendency in the ternary TeO2-TiO2-ZnO system. Depending on the TiO2 amount, the gelation occurred at different times and subsequently several gel formation regions have been determined. Homogeneous, transparent and monolithic gels were obtained using combination of organic and inorganic precursors during the synthesis. Using XRD analysis it was established that upon the heating composites were obtained which contain an amorphous phase and different crystalline phases: TiO2 (anatase), TiO2 (rutile), α-TeO2 and ZnTeO3, depending on composition. The IR results showed that the short range order of the amorphous phases which are part of the composite materials consist of TiO6, ZnO4 and TeO4 structural units. Using UV–Vis spectroscopy it was established that the absorption edge of the gels varied from 330 nm to 364 mm and the increase in TiO2 content caused a red shifting of the cut-off. The calculated Eg values are in the range 3.41–3.75 eV higher than that of pure TiO2, TeO2 and ZnO oxides. The XPS results showed that the Te atoms in the surface layers of the samples studied exist in several chemical states as Te2+, Te0, but Te6+ dominates. Octahedrally coordinated Ti4+ ions are observed in the gels and in the samples annealed at 200 °C but a small amount of tetrahedrally coordinated Ti4+ is also detected, which indicates the incomplete polymerization of TiO6 units.

中文翻译:

TiO2-TeO2-ZnO 体系中的溶胶-凝胶粉末合成:结构表征和性能

摘要 本研究涉及TeO2-TiO2-ZnO三元体系中的凝胶形成趋势。根据 TiO2 的量,凝胶化发生在不同的时间,随后确定了几个凝胶形成区域。在合成过程中使用有机和无机前体的组合获得均匀、透明和整体凝胶。使用 XRD 分析确定,加热后得到的复合材料包含非晶相和不同的结晶相:TiO2(锐钛矿)、TiO2(金红石)、α-TeO2 和 ZnTeO3,具体取决于组成。红外结果表明,作为复合材料一部分的非晶相的短程有序由 TiO6、ZnO4 和 TeO4 结构单元组成。使用紫外-可见光谱确定凝胶的吸收边从 330 nm 到 364 mm 不等,并且 TiO2 含量的增加导致截止值红移。计算出的 Eg 值比纯 TiO2、TeO2 和 ZnO 氧化物高 3.41-3.75 eV。XPS 结果表明,所研究样品表面层中的 Te 原子以 Te2+、Te0 等几种化学状态存在,但 Te6+ 占主导地位。在凝胶和在 200 °C 下退火的样品中观察到八面体配位的 Ti4+ 离子,但也检测到少量四面体配位的 Ti4+,这表明 TiO6 单元的聚合不完全。TeO2 和 ZnO 氧化物。XPS 结果表明,所研究样品表面层中的 Te 原子以 Te2+、Te0 等几种化学状态存在,但 Te6+ 占主导地位。在凝胶和在 200 °C 下退火的样品中观察到八面体配位的 Ti4+ 离子,但也检测到少量四面体配位的 Ti4+,这表明 TiO6 单元的聚合不完全。TeO2 和 ZnO 氧化物。XPS 结果表明,所研究样品表面层中的 Te 原子以 Te2+、Te0 等几种化学状态存在,但 Te6+ 占主导地位。在凝胶和在 200 °C 下退火的样品中观察到八面体配位的 Ti4+ 离子,但也检测到少量四面体配位的 Ti4+,这表明 TiO6 单元的聚合不完全。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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