We present a literature survey on the operation of tundishes and the possibility of continuous casting of steels in the “open start” mode. On the basis of the results of experimental studies, we select a composition of refractory castable for the starting funnel of the metering nozzle.

中文翻译：

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钢的连铸用计量喷嘴漏斗用耐火材料的选择

我们提供有关通道操作以及“开放式”模式下连续铸造钢的可能性的文献调查。根据实验研究的结果，我们选择一种耐火浇注料的成分作为计量喷嘴的起始漏斗。