The cytogenetic aim of this study was to elaborately explain of the efficiency of salicylic acid (SA) on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by salinity stress in the barley apical meristems. The statistical analysis of the obtained findings indicated that salt stress caused a significant decrease in mitotic index of barley seeds depending on concentration increase, while the frequency of chromosomal abnormality increased. Likewise, it was determined that mitotic index value was decreased with alone SA treatment and chromosomal abnormalities were increased as well as. However, in the case of simultaneously application of SA and different salt concentrations, the highest salt concentration exhibited an excellent success according to low salt concentrations in alleviating the mitodepressive effect of salt stress by increasing mitotic index approximately two fold. Whereas, low salt levels in this application were more positive than in high salt levels in alleviating of the clastogenic effect of salt stress on chromosome structure and behaviors. Therefore, the results reveal that the protective role of SA against cytotoxic effects of salinity stress is more efficient at low salt concentrations.

这项研究的细胞遗传学目的是详细解释水杨酸（SA）对大麦顶端分生组织中盐分胁迫诱导的细胞毒性和遗传毒性的效率。对所获得发现的统计分析表明，盐胁迫导致大麦种子的有丝分裂指数显着下降，这取决于浓度的增加，而染色体异常的频率则增加。同样，可以确定单独使用SA治疗可降低有丝分裂指数值，并增加染色体异常。但是，在同时使用SA和不同盐浓度的情况下，根据低盐浓度，最高盐浓度在通过将有丝分裂指数增加约两倍来减轻盐胁迫的线粒体压制效果方面表现出了出色的成功。而在减轻盐胁迫对染色体结构和行为的破坏作用方面，低盐水平比高盐水平更为积极。因此，结果表明，在低盐浓度下，SA对盐胁迫的细胞毒性作用的保护作用更为有效。