The main aim of the present study is to determine the optimum operating conditions for different feed compositions with less irreversible membrane fouling in an activated sludge followed by membrane process (AS-MP). In this regard, three different wastewaters with different BOD₅/COD ratios (0.83 for soft drink, 0.63 for pineapple fruit juice and 0.36 for amoxicillin) as an index of biodegradability were selected. The AS-MP system was operated with biomass concentration of 7000–8000 mg/l and different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) in the range of 4–20 h. The optimal HRT was decreased as BOD₅/COD ratio was increased. In order to investigate fouling behavior of membranes in the AS-MP, a commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration (MF) membrane and high-performance synthetic ZnFe₂O₄/SiO₂ embedded polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane were applied. As a result, the UF membrane indicated the highest flux recovery ratio (FRR) for pineapple fruit juice wastewater relative to the other wastewaters. Soft drink wastewater had the maximum permeability and FRR for MF membrane due to low turbidity of the feed and low interaction with MF membrane composition, whereas this wastewater showed a lower permeability and FRR in the UF membrane, implying an effective interaction between the residual soluble microbial products and the UF membrane composition. Both membranes showed almost the same performance for amoxicillin wastewater.

中文翻译：

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活性污泥的随后膜处理（AS-MP）处理模拟工业废水的性能：操作因素和进料特性的影响

本研究的主要目的是确定不同进料组成的最佳操作条件，并在活性污泥中进行不可逆的膜结垢，然后进行膜法（AS-MP）。在这方面，选择了三种具有不同BOD ₅ / COD比（软饮料0.83，菠萝汁0.63和阿莫西林0.36）的不同废水作为生物降解指标。AS-MP系统的生物量浓度为7000–8000 mg / l，在4–20 h范围内具有不同的水力停留时间（HRT）。最佳HRT降低为BOD ₅/ COD比增加。为了研究AS-MP中膜的结垢行为，商业化的聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）微滤（MF）膜和高性能合成ZnFe ₂ O ₄ / SiO ₂应用了嵌入式聚醚砜（PES）超滤（UF）膜。结果，相对于其他废水，UF膜显示出菠萝果汁废水的最高通量回收率（FRR）。软饮料废水由于饲料的浊度低且与MF膜成分的相互作用低，因此具有MF膜的最大渗透率和FRR，而该废水在UF膜中显示出较低的渗透率和FRR，这意味着残留的可溶性微生物之间存在有效的相互作用产品和超滤膜组成。两种膜对阿莫西林废水均表现出几乎相同的性能。