Microbial community has an essential role in various fields, especially the industrial sector. Microbes produce metabolites in the form of enzymes, which are one of the essential compounds for industrial processes. Unfortunately, there are still numerous microbes that cannot be identified and cultivated because of the limitations of the culture-based method. The metagenomic approach is a solution for researchers to overcome these problems. Metagenomics is a strategy used to analyze the genomes of microbial communities in the environment directly. Metagenomics application used to explore novel enzymes is essential because it allows researchers to obtain data on microbial diversity, reaching of 99% and various types of genes encoding an enzyme that has not yet been identified. Basic methods in metagenomics have been developed and are commonly used in various studies. A basic understanding of metagenomics for researchers is needed, especially young researchers to support the success of the research. Therefore, this review was done in order to provide a deep understanding of metagenomics. It also discussed the application and basic methods of metagenomics in the exploration of novel enzymes, especially in the latest research. Several types of enzymes, such as cellulases, proteases, and lipases, which have been explored using metagenomics, were reviewed in this article.

中文翻译：

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宏基因组在探索和开发天然新型酶中的应用：综述。


微生物群落在各个领域尤其是工业部门中发挥着重要作用。微生物以酶的形式产生代谢物，酶是工业过程中必需的化合物之一。不幸的是，由于培养方法的局限性，仍然有许多微生物无法识别和培养。宏基因组方法是研究人员克服这些问题的解决方案。宏基因组学是一种用于直接分析环境中微生物群落基因组的策略。用于探索新型酶的宏基因组学应用至关重要，因为它使研究人员能够获得微生物多样性（达到 99%）的数据以及编码尚未鉴定的酶的各种类型的基因。宏基因组学的基本方法已经开发出来并广泛用于各种研究中。研究人员，特别是年轻的研究人员需要对宏基因组学有基本的了解，以支持研究的成功。因此，进行本综述是为了深入了解宏基因组学。还讨论了宏基因组学在新型酶探索尤其是最新研究中的应用和基本方法。本文综述了使用宏基因组学探索的几种酶，例如纤维素酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶。