BACKGROUND:Obesity occurs due to a positive energy imbalance, leading to the expansion of adipose tissue. This phenomenon triggers a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, which is associated with comorbidities development. It is, therefore, of great interest to investigate new counteracting nutritional strategies. In this regard, polyphenol-rich Chilean native fruits, Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui) and Berberis microphylla (Calafate), and also the non-Chilean Vaccinium corymbosum (Blueberry), have been associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate Maqui, Calafate, and Blueberry aqueous extracts treatments on the pathogenic response of human activated macrophages and visceral adipocytes. METHODS:THP-1 monocyte human cell line and differentiated human visceral preadipocytes were activated (with lipopolysaccharide and TNF-alpha, for 48 and 24 h, respectively), and treated with the aqueous extracts. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were assessed. RESULTS:Lower NO and IL-6 secretion, and inhibited apoptosis in activated macrophages, were observed. Also, decreased gene expression of MCP-1 and secretion of IL-6, inhibited apoptosis, and increased levels of GSH in activated adipocytes were detected. CONCLUSIONS:Maqui, Calafate, and Blueberry extracts showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses in human macrophages and adipocytes.

中文翻译：

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Maqui，卡拉法特和蓝莓果实提取物治疗可抑制人脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞之间的致病性相互作用

背景：肥胖症是由于正能量失衡而发生的，导致脂肪组织膨胀。这种现象触发了慢性低度炎症状态，这与合并症的发展有关。因此，研究新的对抗性营养策略非常重要。在这方面，富含多酚的智利天然水果，马兜铃（Aristotelia chilensis）和小叶小Ber（Berberis microphylla）（Calafate），以及非智利越桔（Cormanbosum）（蓝莓）与抗氧化剂和抗炎特性有关。目的：评价马奎，卡拉法特和蓝莓水提物对人活化巨噬细胞和内脏脂肪细胞致病反应的作用。方法：激活THP-1单核细胞人类细胞系和分化的人类内脏前脂肪细胞（分别用脂多糖和TNF-α分别作用48和24 h），并用含水提取物处理。评估炎症和氧化应激指标。结果：观察到NO和IL-6的分泌减少，并抑制了活化巨噬细胞的凋亡。另外，还检测到了MCP-1的基因表达降低和IL-6的分泌降低，细胞凋亡受到抑制以及活化脂肪细胞中GSH的水平升高。结论：马奎，卡拉法特和蓝莓提取物在人巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞中表现出抗炎和抗氧化反应。并观察到活化巨噬细胞的凋亡受到抑制。另外，还检测到了MCP-1的基因表达降低和IL-6的分泌降低，细胞凋亡受到抑制以及活化脂肪细胞中GSH的水平升高。结论：马奎，卡拉法特和蓝莓提取物在人巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞中表现出抗炎和抗氧化反应。并观察到活化巨噬细胞的凋亡受到抑制。另外，还检测到了MCP-1的基因表达降低和IL-6的分泌降低，细胞凋亡受到抑制以及活化脂肪细胞中GSH的水平升高。结论：马奎，卡拉法特和蓝莓提取物在人巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞中表现出抗炎和抗氧化反应。