Underwater superoleophobic microlens array (MLA) has been emerging as a crucial device for its wide applications in ocean optical imaging and sensing, endoscopic surgery, microfluidics and optofluidics, and other biomedical applications. Fabrication of microlens arrays integrated with excellent optical performance as well as underwater superoleophobicity remains a great challenge. In this paper, we report an underwater super oil-repellent MLA on a transparent optical glass substrate via femtosecond laser-induced phase and structural modification and chemical isotropic etching. The fabricated sample simultaneously possesses microlens structures with a smooth surface to enable optical imaging function, and grid-patterned biomimetic micro/nano hierarchical surface structures to produce underwater oil-resistance with a contact angle of 160.0° and a sliding angle of 1.5°. The resultant oil-repellent MLA exhibits underwater superoleophobicity and self-cleaning abilities in water. Meanwhile, it was demonstrated to have impressive imaging capability even after oil contamination. We believe that this novel resultant anti-oil MLA will be helpful for underwater detection and bioscience research, especially in oil polluted underwater workspaces.

水下超疏油微透镜阵列（MLA）已成为一种重要的设备，在海洋光学成像和传感，内窥镜手术，微流体和光流体以及其他生物医学应用中具有广泛的应用。具有优异的光学性能以及水下超疏油性的微透镜阵列的制造仍然是巨大的挑战。在本文中，我们通过飞秒激光诱导的相变，结构改性和化学各向同性蚀刻，在透明的光学玻璃基板上报告了水下超级抗油性MLA。所制造的样品同时具有微透镜结构和光滑的表面以实现光学成像功能，并具有网格图案的仿生微/纳米分层表面结构以产生具有160°接触角的水下耐油性。0°，滑动角度为1.5°。所得的拒油性MLA在水中表现出水下超疏油性和自清洁能力。同时，它被证明即使在油污污染后也具有令人印象深刻的成像能力。我们相信，这种新颖的抗油MLA有助于水下检测和生物科学研究，特别是在受油污染的水下工作空间中。