Abstract Glass ceramics from the CaO–P2O5–SiO2 system were synthesized. They were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDX methods. It was found that they contain two crystalline [Whitlockite, Ca3 (PO4)2 and Hydroxylapatite, Ca5 (PO4)3 (OH)] and one residual amorphous phase. The ceramics are composed of porous aggregates of fine particles with predominant macro- and mesopores in it. The ceramics were used as a functional filler in natural rubber based composites, as the filling is in the range of 5–50 phr. The influence of the chemical nature and structure of the ceramics and the degree of filling on the vulcanization characteristics, physicomechanical parameters, dielectric and dynamic properties, the coefficient of thermal conductivity and the volume resistivity, including external pressure or bending on the specimens were investigated. An influence of the filler and the degree of filling on all studied properties was found. All tested composites have dielectric parameters (ε′, real part of complex permittivity; ε′′, imaginary part of complex permittivity; σ, conductivity; tanδ ɛ, tangent from dielectric loss angle) suitable for use as substrates and insulating layers of flexible antennas. Particularly impressive are composites containing 30 and 50 phr fillers, which have the lowest tangent from dielectric loss angle values.

中文翻译：

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适用于柔性天线的橡胶陶瓷复合材料

摘要 合成了 CaO-P2O5-SiO2 体系的玻璃陶瓷。它们通过 XRD、SEM 和 EDX 方法进行了表征。发现它们含有两种结晶[白云母，Ca3 (PO4)2 和羟基磷灰石，Ca5 (PO4)3 (OH)] 和一种残留的无定形相。陶瓷由细颗粒的多孔聚集体组成，其中主要是大孔和中孔。陶瓷被用作天然橡胶基复合材料中的功能性填料，因为其填充量在 5-50 份的范围内。研究了陶瓷的化学性质和结构以及填充程度对硫化特性、物理机械参数、介电和动态性能、导热系数和体积电阻率的影响，包括对试样的外部压力或弯曲。发现了填料和填充程度对所有研究的特性的影响。所有测试的复合材料都具有介电参数（ε′，复介电常数的实部；ε′′，复介电常数的虚部；σ，电导率；tanδ ɛ，介电损耗角的切线）适合用作柔性天线的基板和绝缘层. 尤其令人印象深刻的是含有 30 和 50 phr 填料的复合材料，它们具有最低的介电损耗角值正切值。