Physical activity counseling in primary health care is regarded as a useful complementary preventive and therapeutic measure and is advocated by leading public health institutions. This integrative review summarizes the available data on physical activity counseling in primary care in Germany. A systematic literature search in various databases (peer reviewed and grey literature) was carried out for quantitative and qualitative studies on physical activity counseling and use of “Exercise on Prescription”. The 25 studies included show a very high methodological diversity and, in some cases, considerable risks of bias, with limited comparability across studies. Counseling was provided in all studies by physicians. They report frequent physical activity counseling, which is partly confirmed and partly refuted by patient data. The use of “Exercise on Prescription” is at a very low level. Information on the frequency of physical activity counseling in Germany varies depending on data source and is sometimes contradictory. Our review provides a synthesis of various perspectives on routine physical activity counseling in primary care in Germany. Future studies using standardized and validated instruments in representative samples are needed to further knowledge on counseling and to be able to establish trends in prevalence. Strengthening the topics of physical activity and health and physical activity counseling in medical curriculum is strongly recommended.

中文翻译：

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德国初级保健中的身体活动咨询——综合审查。


初级卫生保健中的身体活动咨询被认为是一种有用的补充性预防和治疗措施，并受到主要公共卫生机构的提倡。本综合综述总结了德国初级保健中身体活动咨询的现有数据。我们在各种数据库（同行评审和灰色文献）中进行了系统的文献检索，以对身体活动咨询和“处方锻炼”的使用进行定量和定性研究。纳入的 25 项研究显示出非常高的方法学多样性，并且在某些情况下存在相当大的偏倚风险，且研究之间的可比性有限。所有研究均由医生提供咨询。他们报告说经常进行身体活动咨询，患者数据部分证实了这一点，部分反驳了这一点。 “处方练习”的使用水平非常低。关于德国身体活动咨询频率的信息因数据来源而异，有时甚至是矛盾的。我们的综述综合了德国初级保健中常规身体活动咨询的各种观点。未来的研究需要在代表性样本中使用标准化和经过验证的仪器，以进一步了解咨询知识并能够确定患病率趋势。强烈建议在医学课程中加强体育活动与健康和体育活动咨询的主题。