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Trait impulsivity and callous‐unemotional traits as predictors of inhibitory control and risky choices among high‐risk adolescents
International Journal of Psychology ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 , DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12710
Rotem Leshem 1 , Rose King 1
Affiliation  

Trait impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits are associated with behavioural problems among high-risk adolescents. While both are known to influence behaviour, the nature of their expression in high-risk behaviours, particularly those related to inhibitory control, is not well understood. In the current, preliminary study, we examined whether and how these traits predicted deficits in behaviour driven by bottom-up, automatic versus deliberate, top-down inhibitory processes among high-risk adolescents. Two go/no-go task variants, emotional and non-emotional, were used to assess reactive response inhibition, and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task was used to assess the ability to resist deliberate risky choices. The results showed that the two types of self-reported trait measures were differentially associated with performance on the two types of behavioural inhibition tasks. Trait impulsivity predicted non-emotional inhibitory control whereas callous-unemotional traits predicted risky choices. The results also showed that the emotions task elicited slower reaction times and higher false alarm rates than did the letters task, and that participants had greater difficulty inhibiting responses to negatively than to positively valenced no-go stimuli. While preliminary, the results suggest that the interplay between trait impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits is an important determinant of inhibitory behaviour in this high-risk adolescents.

中文翻译:

特质冲动和冷酷无情特质作为高危青少年抑制控制和风险选择的预测因子

特质冲动和冷酷无情的特质与高危青少年的行为问题有关。虽然已知两者都会影响行为,但它们在高风险行为中的表达性质,尤其是与抑制控制相关的行为,尚不清楚。在当前的初步研究中,我们研究了这些特征是否以及如何预测由自下而上、自动与故意、自上而下的高风险青少年抑制过程驱动的行为缺陷。两个通过/不通过任务变体,情绪的和非情绪的,被用来评估反应性反应抑制,气球模拟风险任务被用来评估抵抗故意冒险选择的能力。结果表明,两种自我报告的特质测量与两种行为抑制任务的表现存在差异。特质冲动预测了非情绪抑制控制,而冷酷无情的特质预测了冒险选择。结果还表明,与字母任务相比,情绪任务引起更慢的反应时间和更高的误报率,并且参与者更难以抑制对消极反应的反应,而不是对积极的不去刺激的反应。虽然是初步的,但结果表明,特质冲动和冷酷无情特质之间的相互作用是该高危青少年抑制行为的重要决定因素。特质冲动预测了非情绪抑制控制,而冷酷无情的特质预测了冒险选择。结果还表明,与字母任务相比,情绪任务引起更慢的反应时间和更高的误报率,并且参与者更难以抑制对消极反应的反应,而不是对积极的不去刺激的反应。虽然是初步的,但结果表明,特质冲动和冷酷无情特质之间的相互作用是该高危青少年抑制行为的重要决定因素。特质冲动预测了非情绪抑制控制,而冷酷无情的特质预测了冒险选择。结果还表明,与字母任务相比,情绪任务引起更慢的反应时间和更高的误报率,并且参与者更难以抑制对消极反应的反应,而不是对积极的不去刺激的反应。虽然是初步的,但结果表明,特质冲动和冷酷无情特质之间的相互作用是该高危青少年抑制行为的重要决定因素。并且参与者更难以抑制对消极反应的反应,而不是对积极的不去刺激的反应。虽然是初步的,但结果表明,特质冲动和冷酷无情特质之间的相互作用是该高危青少年抑制行为的重要决定因素。并且参与者更难抑制对消极反应的反应,而不是对积极的不去刺激的反应。虽然是初步的,但结果表明,特质冲动和冷酷无情特质之间的相互作用是该高危青少年抑制行为的重要决定因素。
更新日期:2020-08-04
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