Green hay transfer from species‐rich donor sites is now commonly used in Europe to restore species‐rich semi‐natural grassland, both on ex‐arable land and on former intensive grassland. However, species transfer rates are usually well below 100%, and due to lack of further colonization by additional target species after initial restoration, continued progress toward the target plant community is often very slow. We used data from a restoration experiment aiming to reestablish species‐rich grazed meadows of the MG5 grassland type according to the British National Vegetation Classification to investigate relationships between species abundance at a donor site, species capture by green hay and its seed content, and success of species establishment on experimental plots in formerly intensively managed species‐poor grassland undergoing restoration. Our results show that species with higher abundance at the donor site were more likely captured as seed in green hay, and were more likely to establish after hay application at the recipient site. Species with low abundance at the donor site that also possessed specific germination requirements that might prevent immediate establishment after green hay transfer were particularly unlikely to get established after transfer. These findings can provide guidance for additional measures aimed at ensuring establishment of a wider range of target species. Such measures could include targeted sowing of species in addition to green hay application, and management of restored grassland swards to extend or reopen an initial window of opportunity for the establishment of green hay species that might not be germinable immediately after hay transfer.

中文翻译：

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用于草地恢复的绿色干草转移：物种捕获和建立

现在，欧洲广泛使用从物种丰富的捐助者那里转移绿色干草的方式，在可耕地和原先的集约化草地上恢复物种丰富的半自然草地。但是，物种转移率通常远低于100％，并且由于最初恢复后由于其他目标物种没有进一步定居，朝向目标植物群落的持续进展通常非常缓慢。我们使用了来自恢复实验的数据，该实验旨在根据英国国家植被分类来重建MG5草原类型的物种丰富的放牧草地，以调查施主部位物种丰富度，被绿色干草捕获的物种及其种子含量与成功之间的关系。恢复前在集约化管理不善的物种贫瘠的草原上的实验地上建立物种的过程。我们的结果表明，在供体部位具有较高丰度的物种更有可能被捕获为绿色干草中的种子，并且在受者部位施用干草后更有可能建立种子。供体位点丰度低的物种也具有特定的发芽要求，可能阻止绿色干草转移后立即建立，特别不可能在转移后建立。这些发现可为旨在确保建立更多目标物种的其他措施提供指导。这些措施可能包括除施用绿色干草外还进行有针对性的播种，并对恢复的草地草进行管理，以扩大或重新打开建立干草干草转移后无法立即萌芽的绿色干草物种的初始机会之窗。