Biological agents adapt behavior to support the survival needs of the individual and the species. In this review we outline the anatomical, physiological, and computational processes that support reinforcement learning (RL). We describe two circuits in the primate brain that are linked to specific aspects of learning and goal-directed behavior. The ventral circuit, that includes the amygdala, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and ventral striatum, has substantial connectivity with the hypothalamus. The dorsal circuit, that includes inferior parietal cortex, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, and the dorsal striatum, has minimal connectivity with the hypothalamus. The hypothalamic connectivity suggests distinct roles for these circuits. We propose that the ventral circuit defines behavioral goals, and the dorsal circuit orchestrates behavior to achieve those goals.

中文翻译：

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下丘脑与强化学习和动机行为背后的大规模神经回路的相互作用


生物制剂调整行为以支持个体和物种的生存需求。在这篇综述中，我们概述了支持强化学习 (RL) 的解剖学、生理学和计算过程。我们描述了灵长类动物大脑中与学习和目标导向行为的特定方面相关的两个回路。腹侧回路，包括杏仁核、腹侧内侧前额叶皮层和腹侧纹状体，与下丘脑有显着的连通性。背侧回路包括下顶叶皮层、背外侧前额叶皮层和背侧纹状体，与下丘脑的连通性最小。下丘脑的连接表明这些回路具有不同的作用。我们建议腹侧回路定义行为目标，背侧回路协调行为以实现这些目标。