Objective

To assess the exercise capacity, exercise habits, and lung function of preterm born children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) compared to term born controls at school age.

Methods

Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) by cycle ergometer and pulmonary function test were performed in children with BPD (n = 42) and compared with a term born control group (n = 42). Daily activity, participation in sports and respiratory symptoms were assessed by questionnaire.

Results

Children with BPD versus controls had significantly lower values for oxygen consumption (V̇O₂ [mL/min] 1442 ± 417 vs. 1766 ± 541), minute ventilation (VE [L/min] 48 ± 14.92 vs. 60 ± 18.33), and workload (W [watt] 96.1 ± 16.7 vs. 110.6 ± 17.2) at peak exercise and a lower anaerobic threshold (VO₂ AT [mL/min] 1183 ± 345 vs. 1382 ± 398). When corrected for weight, only for the workload (2.7 ± 0.5 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5, p = 0.0013) did significant differences persist. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of expired forced vital capacity were significantly reduced in the BPD group (p < 0.0001). Children with BPD have a higher risk of reporting difficulties in physical activity (OR 2.5) and of suffering from wheezing or shortness of breath while exercising (OR 2.5).

Conclusion

Compared to term born controls, children with BPD at school age show airflow obstruction, a lower workload in CPET, and more respiratory symptoms related to physical activity. The comparable oxygen consumption based on weight suggests a functionally normal alveolar compartment.

中文翻译：

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在学龄期患有支气管肺发育不良的儿童的运动能力。

目的

与学龄期对照相比，评估支气管肺发育不良（BPD）早产儿的运动能力，运动习惯和肺功能。

方法

对患有BPD的儿童（n = 42）进行了通过自行车测力计和肺功能测试的心肺运动测试（CPET），并与足月出生的对照组（n = 42）进行了比较。通过问卷调查评估日常活动，参与运动和呼吸道症状。

结果

与对照组相比，BPD儿童的耗氧量（V（O ₂ [mL / min] 1442±417对1766±541对），分钟通气量（VE [L / min] 48±14.92对60±18.33）和更低。高峰运动和较低的无氧阈（VO ₂AT [mL / min] 1183±345对1382±398）。校正体重后，只有工作量（2.7±0.5与3.1±0.5，p = 0.0013）才存在显着差异。BPD组在1 s内的呼气量和呼气流量在已呼出的肺活量的25％至75％之间显着降低（p <0.0001）。BPD儿童有较高的报告身体活动困难的风险（OR 2.5），并且在运动时患有喘息或呼吸急促（OR 2.5）。

结论

与足月出生的对照组相比，学龄期BPD儿童表现出气流阻塞，CPET的工作量减少以及与体育活动有关的呼吸道症状增多。基于重量的可比氧气消耗表明功能正常的肺泡腔室。