Abstract LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) remote sensing is the most popular technology delivering higher detailed information and accuracy. LiDAR data is majorly used for generating a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which is one of the primary data for most of the remote sensing applications. DEM forms the basis to derive other terrain parameters that are important to understand the topographic variations for the majority of applications. This research work highlights the potential of airborne LiDAR data for the extraction of terrain parameters. The airborne LiDAR dataset used in this study is of the St. Petersburg region of Russia. Terrain parameters like digital surface model (DSM), bare earth model (BEM), slope, aspect, curvature and terrain ruggedness index (TRI) are estimated from the airborne LiDAR data. Ground control points surveyed using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) technique are used to assess the accuracy of the generated digital elevation model. An RMSE of 1.30 cm is obtained for the generated DSM with a maximum error of 3.5 cm magnitude. A complete analysis of derived parameters is done to observe the accuracy achieved.

中文翻译：

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机载 LiDAR 数据用于地形参数提取的潜力

摘要 LiDAR（光探测和测距）遥感是最流行的技术，可提供更高的详细信息和准确性。LiDAR 数据主要用于生成高分辨率数字高程模型 (DEM)，这是大多数遥感应用的主要数据之一。DEM 是导出其他地形参数的基础，这些参数对于了解大多数应用的地形变化很重要。这项研究工作突出了机载 LiDAR 数据在提取地形参数方面的潜力。本研究中使用的机载 LiDAR 数据集来自俄罗斯的圣彼得堡地区。数字表面模型 (DSM)、裸地模型 (BEM)、坡度、坡向、曲率和地形崎岖指数 (TRI) 等地形参数是根据机载 LiDAR 数据估算的。使用差分全球定位系统 (DGPS) 技术测量的地面控制点用于评估生成的数字高程模型的准确性。生成的 DSM 的 RMSE 为 1.30 cm，最大误差为 3.5 cm。对派生参数进行完整分析以观察所达到的精度。