The chemical profile and the nutraceutical features of cultivated Salsola soda buds, in comparison with the wild plant, were investigated. Four flavonoids, rutin (1), quercetin 3-O-glucuronopyranoside (2), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (3), and isorhamnetin 3-O-glucuronopyranoside (4), were isolated from the wild S. soda and tested to target three human recombinant enzymes, i.e., aldose reductase (hAKR1B1), aldose-reductase-like protein (hAKR1B10), and carbonyl reductase 1 (hCBR1). Furthermore, three saponins, namely momordin IId (5), momordin IIc (6), and dihexosyl-pentosyl-glucuronosyl oleanolic acid (7) were identified in the plant and tested together for inhibitory activity of hAKR1B1. While no inhibitory activity was measured for the saponin mixture, flavonoids were shown to be able to inhibit the three target enzymes. Compound 2, the only flavonoid significantly represented in the cultivated edible S. soda, was shown to be the most effective inhibitor of the target enzymes. Indeed, it resulted in an appreciable inhibition of both hAKR1B1 and hCBR1, acting as an uncompetitive $(K_i^{\text{'}},0.97\pm 0.24\mu \text{M})$ and as a mixed noncompetitive inhibitor (Ki, 0.84 ± 0.04; Ki’, 0.51 ± 0.05 μM), respectively. These results suggested the potential of S. soda components to favorably intervene in pathological conditions linked to diabetic complications, inflammatory processes, and in cancer therapy.

与野生植物相比，研究了栽培的Salsola苏打芽的化学特征和营养保健特性。从野生苏打水中分离出四种类黄酮，芦丁（1），槲皮素3- O-葡糖醛酸吡喃糖苷（2），异鼠李素3- O-葡糖苷（3）和异鼠李素3- O-葡糖醛酸吡喃糖苷（4），并进行了测试。靶向三种人类重组酶，即醛糖还原酶（h AKR1B1），醛糖还原酶样蛋白（h AKR1B10）和羰基还原酶1（h CBR1）。此外，还有三种皂苷，即苦瓜素IId（5），莫莫丁IIc（6）和二己糖基-戊糖基-葡糖醛酸糖基齐墩果酸（7）在植物中被鉴定出来，并一起测试了其对h AKR1B1的抑制活性。虽然没有测量到皂苷混合物的抑制活性，但显示类黄酮能够抑制这三种靶酶。化合物2是在培养的可食用苏打水中显着代表的唯一类黄酮，被证明是最有效的目标酶抑制剂。确实，它导致了h AKR1B1和h CBR1的明显抑制，这是无竞争性的$（{ķ}_{\mathrm{一世}}^{\text{'}}，0.97\pm 0.24\mu \text{中号}）$和作为混合的非竞争性抑制剂（Ki，0.84±0.04; Ki'， 0.51±0.05μM）。这些结果表明，苏打水成分可以潜在地干预与糖尿病并发症，炎症过程和癌症治疗有关的病理状况。