The healthy maturation of the brain is one of the intriguing topics that need to be investigated to understand human brain and child development. The present study aimed to investigate the development of memory processes both for auditory and visual memory using electroencephalography (EEG)-Brain Dynamics methodologies.

Sixteen healthy children between the ages of 6 and 7 years and eighteen healthy young adults (age: 21.32 ± 3.28 years) were included in the study. EEG was recorded from 18 channels during the visual and auditory memory paradigms. Two different subtests of the WISC-IV IQ test were applied to all children. Event-related theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz) power and phase-locking were analyzed.

The young adults had higher memory performance than the children for both auditory and visual paradigms. The children had increased theta phase-locking and left alpha power in response to the remembered objects in comparison to the forgotten objects. The young adults had higher theta and alpha phase-locking than the children over the frontal and central locations (p < 0.05), and the children had higher parietal-occipital alpha phase-locking than the young adults. There was an increase in alpha power in children, whereas young adults had decreased post-stimulus alpha power in response to memory paradigms.

The present study showed that frontocentral theta and alpha phase-locking had an essential role in brain maturation and successful memory performance. Event-related theta and alpha responses could be one of the important indicators of the mature and healthy brain, and these responses could change depending on the maturation state and age.

大脑的健康成熟是需要研究以了解人类大脑和儿童发育的有趣话题之一。本研究旨在使用脑电图 (EEG)-脑动力学方法研究听觉和视觉记忆的记忆过程的发展。

该研究包括 16 名 6 至 7 岁的健康儿童和 18 名健康的年轻人（年龄：21.32 ± 3.28 岁）。在视觉和听觉记忆范式期间从 18 个通道记录 EEG。WISC-IV 智商测试的两个不同子测试适用于所有儿童。分析了与事件相关的 theta (4–7 Hz)、alpha (8–13 Hz) 功率和锁相。

在听觉和视觉范式方面，年轻人的记忆力都比儿童高。与被遗忘的物体相比，孩子们对记住的物体的反应增加了 theta 锁相并留下了 alpha 功率。在额叶和中央位置，年轻人比儿童具有更高的 theta 和 alpha 锁相（p < 0.05），并且儿童比年轻人具有更高的顶枕叶 alpha 锁相。儿童的 alpha 功率增加，而年轻人响应记忆范式而降低了刺激后的 alpha 功率。

目前的研究表明，额中央 theta 和 alpha 锁相在大脑成熟和成功的记忆表现中起着至关重要的作用。事件相关的 theta 和 alpha 反应可能是成熟和健康大脑的重要指标之一，这些反应可能会根据成熟状态和年龄而变化。