We adapted Bemis & Pylkkänen's (2011) paradigm to study elementary composition in Spanish using electroencephalography, to determine if EEG is sensitive enough to detect a composition-related activity and analyze whether the expectancy of participants to compose contributes to this signal. We found relevant activity at the expected channels and times, and a putative composition-related activity before the second word onset. Using threshold-free cluster permutation analysis and linear models we show a task-progression effect for the composition task that is not present for the list task. In a second experiment we evaluate two-word composition incorporating all conditions in a single task. In this case, we failed to find any significant composition-related activity suggesting that the activity measured with EEG may be in part carried by expectancy processes arising from the block design of the experiment, which can be prevented by using a non-blocked design and data-driven techniques to analyze the data.

中文翻译：

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基本成分的脑电图特征：解开真实成分和预期过程

我们采用 Bemis & Pylkkänen (2011) 范式来使用脑电图研究西班牙语的基本作文，以确定 EEG 是否足够敏感以检测与作文相关的活动，并分析参与者对作文的期望是否有助于该信号。我们在预期的渠道和时间发现了相关活动，并在第二个词出现之前发现了与作文相关的活动。使用无阈值聚类排列分析和线性模型，我们展示了列表任务不存在的组合任务的任务进展效果。在第二个实验中，我们评估在单个任务中包含所有条件的双词组合。在这种情况下，