In this review, carbon-polymer-based composite electrodes for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are reviewed in detail together with a study of carbon materials and polymers. The merits, demerits, and performance of carbon-polymer-based composites as anode and cathode materials for microbial fuel cells are discussed besides an extensive analysis of the literature and new trends in material synthesis. The development of composites with surface- and bulk-modified electrode materials can overcome the major challenge posed by the low power density of MFCs. Nitrogen- and fluorine-containing polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyaniline (PANI), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polydopamine (PDA) and polyacrylamide (PAM), have been identified as potential candidates for bulk or surface modification in the presence of redox active species to enhance the biocompatibility and the effectiveness of the reduction of the cathodes.

在这篇综述中，对微生物燃料电池（MFC）的基于碳聚合物的复合电极进行了详细的综述，同时对碳材料和聚合物进行了研究。除了广泛的文献分析和材料合成的新趋势外，还讨论了碳聚合物基复合材料作为微生物燃料电池阳极和阴极材料的优点，缺点和性能。具有表面改性和本体改性电极材料的复合材料的开发可以克服MFC的低功率密度带来的主要挑战。含氮和氟的聚合物，例如聚丙烯腈（PAN），聚苯胺（PANI），聚四氟乙烯（PTFE），聚多巴胺（PDA）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM），