This opinion article results from a collective analysis by the Editorial Board of Food Security. It is motivated by the ongoing covid-19 global epidemic, but expands to a broader view on the crises that disrupt food systems and threaten food security, locally to globally. Beyond the public health crisis it is causing, the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally. Crises such as the present one can, and do, affect the stability of food production. One of the worst fears is the impacts that crises could have on the potential to produce food, that is, on the primary production of food itself, for example, if material and non-material infrastructure on which agriculture depends were to be damaged, weakened, or fall in disarray. Looking beyond the present, and not minimising its importance, the covid-19 crisis may turn out to be the trigger for overdue fundamental transformations of agriculture and the global food system. This is because the global food system does not work well today: the number of hungry people in the world has increased substantially, with the World Food Programme warning of the possibility of a “hunger pandemic”. Food also must be nutritious, yet unhealthy diets are a leading cause of death. Deepening crises impoverish the poorest, disrupt food systems, and expand “food deserts”. A focus on healthy diets for all is all the more relevant when everyone’s immune system must react to infection during a global pandemic. There is also accumulating and compelling evidence that the global food system is pushing the Earth system beyond the boundaries of sustainability. In the past twenty years, the growing demand for food has increasingly been met through the destruction of Earth’s natural environment, and much less through progress in agricultural productivity generated by scientific research, as was the case during the two previous decades. There is an urgent need to reduce the environmental footprint of the global food system: if its performances are not improved rapidly, the food system could itself be one main cause for food crises in the near future. The article concludes with a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders to improve the resilience of the food system, global to local, and in the short, medium and long term.

中文翻译：

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绘制粮食系统的破坏和恢复机制

本文是《粮食安全》编委会集体分析的结果。它的动机是持续的新冠肺炎（covid-19）全球流行病，但扩展到对从地方到全球破坏粮食系统和威胁粮食安全的危机的更广泛的看法。除了造成的公共卫生危机之外，当前的全球大流行还影响着当地和全球的粮食系统。像目前这样的危机可能而且确实会影响粮食生产的稳定性。最令人担忧的问题之一是危机可能对粮食生产潜力产生影响，即对粮食本身的初级生产产生影响，例如，如果农业所依赖的物质和非物质基础设施遭到破坏、削弱，或者陷入混乱。放眼未来，covid-19 危机可能会引发农业和全球粮食体系早该发生的根本性转变，但并没有淡化其重要性。这是因为当今全球粮食系统运转不佳：世界饥饿人口大幅增加，世界粮食计划署警告可能出现“饥饿大流行”。食物也必须有营养，但不健康的饮食是导致死亡的主要原因。不断加深的危机使最贫困人口陷入贫困，扰乱粮食系统并扩大“粮食荒漠”。当每个人的免疫系统都必须在全球大流行期间对感染做出反应时，关注所有人的健康饮食就显得尤为重要。还有越来越多的令人信服的证据表明，全球粮食系统正在推动地球系统超越可持续性的界限。在过去的二十年里，日益增长的粮食需求越来越多地通过破坏地球自然环境来满足，更不用说通过科学研究所带来的农业生产力的进步来满足了，就像前二十年的情况一样。迫切需要减少全球粮食系统的环境足迹：如果其绩效不能迅速改善，粮食系统本身可能成为不久的将来粮食危机的主要原因之一。文章最后提出了一系列建议，旨在为政策制定者和科学领导者提高从全球到地方的短期、中期和长期粮食系统的弹性。