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The practice and economics of hybrid poplar biomass production for biofuels and bioproducts in the Pacific Northwest
BioEnergy Research ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s12155-020-10164-1
Brian J. Stanton , Andrew Bourque , Mark Coleman , Mark Eisenbies , Rachel M. Emerson , Jesus Espinoza , Carlos Gantz , Austin Himes , Andrew Rodstrom , Rich Shuren , Rick Stonex , Timothy Volk , Jose Zerpa

Hybrid poplar demonstration-scale farms were managed in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and California to establish management practices, yields, harvesting methods, and the economics of biomass production. Yield during the 2-year establishment cycle averaged 3.5 dry Mg ha−1 year−1 increasing to 11.6 Mg ha−1 year−1 in the ensuing 3-year coppice cycle. Populus deltoides (Bartram ex Marsh.) × P. maximowiczii (Henry) varieties preformed best in Oregon during the coppice cycle with the best variety producing 18.1 Mg ha−1 year−1, while P. ×generosa (Henry) varieties maximized yields in Washington at 22.1 Mg ha−1 year−1. P. ×canadensis (Moench) varieties excelled in Idaho and California with upper yields of 13.6 Mg ha−1 year−1 and 12.9 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively. Stands were cut with a single-pass harvester 2 years after planting and a second time after 3 years of coppice growth; material capacity, limited by poor ground conditions, varied between 21.7 to 31.3 green Mg h−1. Chemical composition averaged 1.87% inorganics, 7.74% extractives, 26.90% lignin, 38.07% glucan, 13.66% xylan, 1.61% galactan, 1.14% arabinan, and 2.76% mannan. Production costs (USD) projected over a 20-year rotation of six coppice cycles were $71.81 Mg−1 in Washington, $89.91 Mg−1 in Oregon, $98.76 Mg−1 in Idaho, and $179.07 Mg−1 in California. Land rental, establishment, crop care, harvest, transportation, and land restoration, respectively, accounted for 23%, 5%, 19%, 30%, 17%, and 6% of total feedstock cost. Farms were successfully restored to conditions existing before poplar conversion. In the absence of fertilization, increases in soil pH and decreases in nitrate-nitrogen, zinc, iron, and organic matter were consistently noted but could not be associated with poplar production alone.



中文翻译:

西北太平洋地区用于生物燃料和生物制品的杂交杨木生物质生产的实践和经济学

在俄勒冈州,华盛顿州,爱达荷州和加利福尼亚州对杨树混合示范规模的农场进行了管理,以建立管理规范,产量,收获方法以及生物质生产的经济性。在随后的3年小灌木林周期中,在2年生长期中的平均产量为3.5干Mg ha - 1-1,增至11.6 Mg ha - 1-1美洲黑杨(巴特拉姆前沼泽。)× P.藓(亨利)品种的最佳品种生产18.1镁公顷的矮林周期中预制在俄勒冈州最好的-1-1,而P。×(亨利)品种在华盛顿州的最高产量达到22.1 Mg ha - 1-1P. × canadensis(Moench)品种在爱达荷州和加利福尼亚州均表现出色,最高单产分别为13.6 Mg ha - 1-1和-12.9 Mg ha - 1-1。种植后2年用单次收割机切割林分,而小灌木林生长3年后用第二遍切割林分。受恶劣地面条件限制的材料容量在21.7至31.3绿色Mg h -1之间变化。化学成分平均为1.87%的无机物,7.74%的提取物,26.90%的木质素,38.07%的葡聚糖,13.66%的木聚糖,1.61%的半乳聚糖,1.14%的阿拉伯聚糖和2.76%的甘露聚糖。预计在六个矮林周期为20年转生产成本(美元)是$ 71.81镁-1在华盛顿,$ 89.91镁-1在俄勒冈州,$ 98.76镁-1在爱达荷州和$ 179.07镁-1在加利福尼亚。土地租金,建立,作物护理,收割,运输和土地恢复分别占原料总成本的23%,5%,19%,30%,17%和6%。农场已成功恢复到杨树转换之前的现有条件。在没有施肥的情况下,土壤pH值的增加以及硝酸盐氮,锌,铁和有机物的减少一直被注意到,但仅与杨树的生产无关。

更新日期:2020-08-04
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