Urban metro trains have the characteristics of short running distance between stations and frequent starting and braking. A large amount of regenerative braking energy is generated during the braking process. The effective utilization of the regenerative braking energy can substantially reduce the total energy consumption of train operation. In this paper, we establish two integer programming models of train operation that maximize the overlap time between train traction and braking in peak hours and nonpeak hours. On this basis, an improved differential evolution (IDE) algorithm is developed for solving the two integer programming models. The results demonstrate that the overlap time increases by 51.44% after optimization using the IDE algorithm when the headway is set to 154 s in peak hours. The overlap time is further increased by 14.87% by optimizing the headway. In nonpeak hours, the overlap time of traction and braking of the trains in opposite directions at the same station is increased by optimizing the bidirectional departure interval, thereby reducing the total energy consumption of the system.

中文翻译：

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基于改进差分进化算法的地铁再生制动能量利用研究

城市地铁列车的特点是车站之间的行驶距离短，启动和制动频繁。在制动过程中会产生大量的再生制动能量。有效地利用再生制动能量可以大大减少列车运行的总能耗。在本文中，我们建立了两个火车运行的整数编程模型，它们使峰值时间和非峰值时间的火车牵引和制动之间的重叠时间最大化。在此基础上，提出了一种改进的差分进化算法（IDE），用于求解两个整数规划模型。结果表明，在高峰时间将车头距离设置为154 s后，使用IDE算法进行优化后，重叠时间增加了51.44％。重叠时间进一步增加了14。优化进度的87％。在非高峰时段，通过优化双向发车间隔，可以增加同一站点在相反方向上火车牵引和制动的重叠时间，从而减少了系统的总能耗。