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Rapid Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by Tungsten Trioxide-Based (WO3) Photocatalysis
bioRxiv - Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-08-02 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.01.232199
Silvia Ghezzi , Isabel Pagani , Guido Poli , Stefano Perboni , Elisa Vicenzi

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is transmitted person-to-person via respiratory droplets and, likely, via smaller droplet nuclei light enough to remain suspended in the air for hours and contaminate surfaces particularly in indoor conditions. Thus, effective measures are needed to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission in indoor environments. In this regard, we have investigated whether a system based on a filter combining Tungsten Trioxide-Based (WO3) photocatalysis and an antiviral fabric treated-copper nanocluster could inactivate SARS-CoV-2. To this purpose, an infectious SARS-CoV-2 suspension was introduced in the upper opening of a closed cylinder containing a WO3 filter and a light-based system that activates WO3 and the antiviral fabric. From the bottom exit, aliquots of fluid were collected every 10 min (up to 60 min) and tested for their infectivity by means of a viral plaque assay in Vero cells whereas, in parallel, the viral RNA content was measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR). As we have previously shown for SARS-CoV, a 1:1,000 ratio of plaque forming units (PFU) vs. viral RNA copies was observed also for SARS-CoV-2. After 10 min, the infectious viral content was already decreased by 98.2% reaching 100% inactivation after 30 min whereas the SARS-CoV-2 RNA load was decreased of 1.5 log10 after 30 min. Thus, in spite of only a partial decrease of viral RNA, SARS-CoV-2 infectivity was completely abolished by the WO3 photocatalysis system by 30 min. These results support the hypothesis that this system could be exploited to achieve SARS-CoV-2 inactivation in indoor environments.

中文翻译:

三氧化钨(WO3)光催化快速灭活重症急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)

严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)是2019年冠状病毒病的病原体(COVID-19),是通过呼吸道飞沫并可能通过较小的飞沫核向人与人之间传播的,足以保留下来悬浮在空气中数小时,并污染表面,尤其是在室内条件下。因此,需要采取有效措施来防止SARS-CoV-2在室内环境中传播。在这方面,我们已经研究了基于基于三氧化钨(WO3)光催化和抗病毒织物处理的铜纳米簇相结合的过滤器的系统是否可以使SARS-CoV-2失活。为此,将传染性SARS-CoV-2悬浮液引入封闭的圆筒的上部开口,该圆筒包含WO3过滤器和激活WO3和抗病毒织物的基于光的系统。从底部出口每隔10分钟(最多60分钟)收集等分的液体,并通过病毒斑分析在Vero细胞中测试其感染性,与此同时,通过定量PCR(qPCR)测量病毒RNA含量)。正如我们先前对SARS-CoV所显示的,SARS-CoV-2的噬菌斑形成单位(PFU)与病毒RNA拷贝的比例为1:1,000。10分钟后,感染性病毒含量已经降低了98.2%,在30分钟后达到了100%的失活率,而SARS-CoV-2 RNA负载在30分钟后降低了1.5 log10。因此,尽管病毒RNA仅部分减少,但到30分钟,WO3光催化系统完全消除了SARS-CoV-2的感染性。这些结果支持以下假设:可以利用此系统在室内环境中实现SARS-CoV-2灭活。每隔10分钟(最多60分钟)收集等分试样的液体,并通过Vero细胞中的病毒噬斑测定法测试其感染性,与此同时,平行地,通过定量PCR(qPCR)测量病毒RNA含量。正如我们先前对SARS-CoV所显示的,SARS-CoV-2的噬菌斑形成单位(PFU)与病毒RNA拷贝的比例为1:1,000。10分钟后,感染性病毒含量已经降低了98.2%,在30分钟后达到了100%的失活率,而SARS-CoV-2 RNA负载在30分钟后降低了1.5 log10。因此,尽管病毒RNA仅部分减少,但到30分钟,WO3光催化系统完全消除了SARS-CoV-2的感染性。这些结果支持以下假设:可以利用此系统在室内环境中实现SARS-CoV-2灭活。每隔10分钟(最多60分钟)收集等分试样的液体,并通过Vero细胞中的病毒噬斑测定法测试其感染性,与此同时,平行地,通过定量PCR(qPCR)测量病毒RNA含量。正如我们先前对SARS-CoV所显示的,SARS-CoV-2的噬菌斑形成单位(PFU)与病毒RNA拷贝的比例为1:1,000。10分钟后,感染性病毒含量已经降低了98.2%,在30分钟后达到了100%的失活率,而SARS-CoV-2 RNA负载在30分钟后降低了1.5 log10。因此,尽管病毒RNA仅部分减少,但到30分钟,WO3光催化系统完全消除了SARS-CoV-2的感染性。这些结果支持以下假设:可以利用此系统在室内环境中实现SARS-CoV-2灭活。
更新日期:2020-08-03
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