Polymeric hydrogels are three dimensional polymeric networks. Incorporation of nanoparticle in polymers has led to emerging class of nanocomposite hydrogel having hierarchical 3D nanostructured mesh. This review scrutinizes the effect of nanomaterials on design, structure, functional properties, and applications of polymeric nanocomposite hydrogels. Herein, current state of the art in different types of polymeric nanocomposite hydrogels with graphene, carbon nanotube, nanodiamond, and fullerene has been highlighted. The polymeric nanocomposite hydrogels have gained considerable recognition for battery electrode, shape memory material, absorbent, oil/water separation, and biomedical application. Current challenges and opportunities in the field of polymeric nanocomposite hydrogel have also been discussed.

聚合水凝胶是三维聚合网络。纳米粒子在聚合物中的掺入已导致出现一类具有分层3D纳米结构网格的纳米复合水凝胶。这篇综述详细审查了纳米材料对聚合物纳米复合水凝胶的设计，结构，功能特性和应用的影响。在本文中，已经突出了具有石墨烯，碳纳米管，纳米金刚石和富勒烯的不同类型的聚合物纳米复合水凝胶的当前技术水平。聚合物纳米复合水凝胶已在电池电极，形状记忆材料，吸收剂，油/水分离和生物医学应用方面获得了相当多的认可。还讨论了聚合物纳米复合水凝胶领域的当前挑战和机遇。