Soda pans in Central Europe are inland saline waters of nonmarine origin that represent dynamically changing environments with unique species and communities. Our aim was to explore the spatial and temporal variation in water bug assemblages among soda pans at 3 temporal scales (years, seasons, and months). Data on 9005 individuals belonging to 18 species collected in 3 seasons per year for 4 years in 5 soda pans demonstrated large interannual and seasonal fluctuations of water bugs. Two water boatman species (Paracorixa concinna, Sigara lateralis) were dominant, and species composition varied little among soda pans, seasons, or years. Species richness and abundance were influenced by interactions among soda pans, year, and season and showed cyclic changes in dry years and serial changes in wet years. Richness and abundance were highest in 2000 when water levels were high in spring and early summer. Richness was also high but abundance was lowest in 2010, a year with extremely high precipitation after a dry year. Richness and abundance peaks (individual numbers up to 2100 m⁻²) occurred in late summer, suggesting that water bugs are important in the trophic network of soda pans. Our results suggest that weather-driven extreme fluctuations in soda pans determine the spatial and temporal variation of water bug assemblages, with cycles of local extinction and recolonization maintained by good dispersal ability.

中欧的苏打锅是非海洋来源的内陆盐水，代表着具有独特物种和群落的动态变化环境。我们的目的是探讨苏打锅中3种时间尺度（年，季节和月）上水虫组合的时空变化。每年在3个季节，5年的苏打水中收集3个季节，每年4个季节的9005个个体的数据表明，臭虫的年际和季节波动很大。两水船工种（Paracorixa水蚤，Sigara外侧）占主导地位，苏打锅，季节或年份之间的物种组成变化不大。汽水锅，年份和季节之间的相互作用会影响物种的丰富度和丰度，并表现出干旱年份的周期性变化和潮湿年份的系列变化。2000年春季和初夏水位高时，丰富度和丰度最高。丰富度也很高，但丰度最低的年份是2010年，而干旱的一年之后的降雨量极高。丰富度和丰度峰值（单个数字最大为2100 m ^-2）发生在夏末，这说明水虫在苏打锅的营养网络中很重要。我们的研究结果表明，苏打锅中由天气驱动的极端波动决定了臭虫组合的时空变化，并通过良好的分散能力维持了局部灭绝和再定殖的周期。