ABSTRACT

Optimal control is used to study the management of tyre performance for a Formula One car. Tyre friction is compromised by accumulated wear and operation outside the tyre design temperature window – inappropriate thermal operation accelerates tyre wear. In this study tyre wear is modelled as a function of the tyre surface temperature and the power dissipated at the road contact. The tyre's frictional performance is modelled as a function of temperature and accumulated wear. A previously developed thermodynamic model is modified by the addition of a state representing the tyres' carcass temperature. Optimal control calculations are used to optimise (multi-lap) performance by improving grip and extending the life of the tyres. In combination, tyre wear and friction control can be used to schedule tyre changes and minimise race times.

摘要

最优控制用于研究一级方程式赛车的轮胎性能管理。轮胎摩擦因累积磨损和在轮胎设计温度窗口之外的操作而受到影响——不适当的热操作会加速轮胎磨损。在这项研究中，轮胎磨损被建模为轮胎表面温度和路面接触功率耗散的函数。轮胎的摩擦性能被建模为温度和累积磨损的函数。通过添加表示轮胎胎体温度的状态来修改先前开发的热力学模型。最佳控制计算用于通过提高抓地力和延长轮胎寿命来优化（多圈）性能。结合起来，轮胎磨损和摩擦控制可用于安排轮胎更换并最大限度地减少比赛时间。