In this study, we performed model simulations to investigate the spatial, seasonal, and annual dew yield during 40 years (1979–2018) at ten locations reflecting the variation of climate and environmental conditions in Jordan. In accordance with the climate zones in Jordan, the dew formation had distinguished characteristics features with respect to the yield, seasonal variation, and spatial variation. The highest water dew yield (an overall annual mean cumulative dew yield as high as 88 mm) was obtained for the Mountains Heights Plateau, which has a Mediterranean climate. The least dew yield (as low as 19 mm) was obtained in Badia, which has an arid climate. The dew yield had a decreasing trend in the past 40 years due to climate change impacts such as increased desertification and the potential of sand and dust storms in the region. In addition, increased anthropogenic air pollution slows down the conversion of vapor to liquid phase change, which also impacts the potential of dew formation. The dew yield showed three distinguished seasonal patterns reflecting the three climates in Jordan. The Mountains Heights Plateau (Mediterranean climate) has the highest potential for dew harvesting (especially during the summer) than Badia (semi-arid climate).

中文翻译：

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模拟约旦露水形成的长期时间变化及其与气候变化的联系

在这项研究中，我们进行了模型模拟，以调查 40 年（1979-2018 年）在 10 个地点的空间、季节性和年度露水产量，这些地点反映了约旦的气候和环境条件的变化。根据约旦的气候带，露水的形成在产量、季节变化和空间变化方面具有明显的特征。最高的水露产量（总年平均累积露产量高达 88 毫米）是在山高地高原获得的，该高原具有地中海气候。在气候干旱的巴迪亚获得最少的露水量（低至 19 毫米）。近 40 年来，由于该地区荒漠化加剧和沙尘暴可能发生等气候变化影响，露水产量呈下降趋势。此外，人为空气污染的增加减缓了蒸汽向液相变化的转化，这也影响了形成露水的可能性。露水产量显示出三种不同的季节性模式，反映了约旦的三种气候。Mountains Heights 高原（地中海气候）比 Badia（半干旱气候）具有最高的露水收获潜力（尤其是在夏季）。