Women with schizophrenia show sex-specific health needs that differ according to stage of life. The aim of this narrative review is to resolve important questions concerning the treatment of women with schizophrenia at different periods of their life—paying special attention to reproductive and post-reproductive stages. Review results suggest that menstrual cycle-dependent treatments may be a useful option for many women and that recommendations re contraceptive options need always to be part of care provision. The pregnancy and the postpartum periods—while constituting vulnerable time periods for the mother—require special attention to antipsychotic effects on the fetus and neonate. Menopause and aging are further vulnerable times, with extra challenges posed by associated health risks. Pregnancy complications, neurodevelopmental difficulties of offspring, cancer risk and cognitive defects are indirect results of the interplay of hormones and antipsychotic treatment of women over the course of the lifespan. The literature recommends that health promotion strategies need to be directed at lifestyle modifications, prevention of medical comorbidities and increased psychosocial support. Careful monitoring of pharmacological treatment has been shown to be critical during periods of hormonal transition. Not only does treatment of women with schizophrenia often need to be different than that of their male peers, but it also needs to vary over the course of life.

中文翻译：

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终生精神分裂症妇女：健康促进，治疗和结果。

精神分裂症妇女表现出针对特定性别的健康需求，具体取决于生活阶段。这篇叙述性综述的目的是解决与精神分裂症妇女一生不同时期的治疗有关的重要问题，特别要注意生殖和生殖后阶段。审查结果表明，对许多女性而言，月经周期依赖性治疗可能是一个有用的选择，并且建议避孕方法始终应作为提供护理的一部分。怀孕和产后时期虽然构成母亲的脆弱时期，但需要特别注意对胎儿和新生儿的抗精神病作用。更年期和衰老是更脆弱的时期，伴随着相关的健康风险带来了额外的挑战。怀孕并发症 后代的神经发育困难，癌症风险和认知缺陷是荷尔蒙相互作用和妇女在整个生命周期中进行抗精神病药物治疗的间接结果。文献建议健康促进策略应针对改变生活方式，预防合并症和增加社会心理支持。研究表明，在荷尔蒙过渡期间，对药理治疗进行仔细监测至关重要。精神分裂症女性的治疗方法不仅需要与男性精神分裂症的治疗方法有所不同，而且在生活过程中也需要有所不同。文献建议，健康促进策略应针对改变生活方式，预防合并症和增加社会心理支持。研究表明，在荷尔蒙过渡期间，对药理治疗进行仔细监测至关重要。精神分裂症女性的治疗方法不仅需要与男性精神分裂症的治疗方法有所不同，而且在生活过程中也需要有所不同。文献建议健康促进策略应针对改变生活方式，预防合并症和增加社会心理支持。研究表明，在荷尔蒙过渡期间，对药理治疗进行仔细监测至关重要。精神分裂症女性的治疗方法不仅需要与男性精神分裂症的治疗方法有所不同，而且在生活过程中也需要有所不同。