Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) was reported as a useful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive agent. Due to technological and stability issues, it is necessary to be able to extract PEITC from its natural matrix (watercress) through sustainable and scalable methodologies. In this article, we explored, for the first time, the extractive capacity of aqueous micellar systems (AMSs) of two non-ionic surfactants. For this, we compared the AMSs with conventional organic solvents. Furthermore, we developed and optimised a new integral PEITC production and extraction process by a multifactorial experimental design. Finally, we analysed the antioxidant capacity by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ABTS methods. As results, the AMSs were able to extract PEITC at the same level as the tested conventional solvents. In addition, we optimised by response surface methodology the integrated process (2.0% m/m, 25.0 °C, pH 9.0), which was equally effective (ca. 2900 µg PEITC/g watercress), regardless of the surfactant used. The optimal extracts showed greater antioxidant capacity than pure PEITC, due to other antioxidant compounds extracted in the process. In conclusion, by the present work, we developed an innovative cost-effective and low environmental impact process for obtaining PEITC extracts from watercress by-products.

中文翻译：

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从豆瓣副产物与水胶束系统中提取的异硫氰酸苯乙基酯：开发和优化。

据报道，异硫氰酸苯乙基酯（PEITC）是有用的抗氧化剂，抗炎剂和化学预防剂。由于技术和稳定性问题，有必要能够通过可持续且可扩展的方法从天然基质（豆瓣）中提取PEITC。在本文中，我们首次探索了两种非离子表面活性剂的水性胶束系统（AMS）的萃取能力。为此，我们将AMS与常规有机溶剂进行了比较。此外，我们通过多因素实验设计开发和优化了新的整体PEITC生产和提取工艺。最后，我们通过氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）和ABTS方法分析了抗氧化能力。结果，AMS能够以与测试的常规溶剂相同的水平提取PEITC。此外，我们通过响应表面方法优化了集成工艺（2.0％m / m，25.0°C，pH 9.0），无论使用何种表面活性剂，该工艺均有效（约2900 µg PEITC / g豆瓣菜）。最佳提取物显示出比纯PEITC更高的抗氧化能力，这是因为在此过程中还提取了其他抗氧化剂化合物。总之，通过目前的工作，我们开发了一种创新的经济高效且对环境影响小的方法，用于从豆瓣菜副产品中获得PEITC提取物。